Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Reproductive Pharm > Oral contraceptives > Flashcards

Oral contraceptives Flashcards

1
Q

Estrogen is 70% bound to what in blood?

A

SHBG. If you give estrogen, SHBG will increase to balance out the increased estrogen (keeping free hormone levels normal)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Progesterone is transported via?

A

Transcortin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

MOA of estrogen?

A

Acts thru nuclear receptors (ER-alpha & beta). Affects gene transcription by binding HRE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Give me 8 actions of estrogen

A
  1. Breast development
  2. Increase HDL & decrease LDL (favorable)
  3. Inhibit osteoclastic activity (favorable)
  4. Widen pelvis
  5. Increase libido
  6. Increase binding proteins & clotting factors
  7. Build up myometrium
  8. Closes epiphysial plate
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Metabolism of estrogen?

A

Hepatic. Synthetic estrogen is metabolized much slower than intrinsic estrogen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

AE’s of estrogen therapy?

A
  1. Mastalgia
  2. Breast enlargement
  3. Breakthrough bleeding
  4. CV events (estrogen is prothrombotic)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Progesterone actions? (give me 6)

A
  1. Pregnancy maintenance
  2. Development of breast secretory units
  3. Inhibits uterine contraction
  4. Increases insulin
  5. Bad for cholesterol (increase LDL)
  6. Increases core body temp
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

5 theraputic uses for estrogen/progesterone therapy?

A
  1. Contraceptive
  2. Hormone replacement- treats effects of menopause like osteoporosis
  3. Dysfunctional uterine bleeding
  4. Luteal phase dysfx (give progesterone)
  5. Ovulation induction- ER blockers (Clomiphene & Fulvestrant) –> increase in LH/FSH –> stimulates ovulation
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are the ER blockers?

A

Clomiphene & Fulvestrant

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

T/F: Estrogen therapy causes an increased cancer risk?

A

True: can stimulate endometrial, breast, uterus, testis, bone, & kidney cancer. DES can cause clear cell carcinoma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

When it comes to CVD, what effects do estrogen & progesterone have?

A

Estrogen decreases risk for CVD. Progesterone increases risk

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

T/F: Estrogen therapy can lead to increased risk of stroke & DVT

A

True- especially in a patient that SMOKES!

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Most effective means of contraception?

A

IUDs, progestin implants, & sterilization

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Least effective means of contraception?

A

Barrier & calendar methods

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Most popular contraceptive?

A

Hormone pills

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Difference between mono/multiphasic OCP?

A

Mono has fixed doses in each pill. Multi has different doses

17
Q

Aside from keeping you kid free, what benefits do OCPs have? (6)

A
  1. Decrease risk for ovarian/endometrial cancer
  2. Decrease dysmenorrhea
  3. Menstrual regularity
  4. Increase Hb
  5. Increase SHBG –> decrease free T –> decreased acne
  6. Used off label for PCOS
18
Q

What can decrease effectiveness for OCPs? (5)

A
  1. Antibiotics
  2. Rifampin
  3. Anti-retrovirals
  4. Anti-convulsants
  5. St. John’s Wort (herb)… Yes, I typed st. john’s wart at first, but then googled it and found out it is in fact not a wart..
19
Q

What is the estrogen component of combined E/P OCP? What is the progestin component?

A

Estrogen: Ethinyl estradiol or Mestranol
Progestin: Norethindrone, Norgestrel, or Levonorgestrel

20
Q

Of the 2 (E and P) which has better things assc with it?

A

Estrogen! Can lead to breast enlargement and increased excitability (nice)
Progestin: can lead to weight gain and acne

21
Q

E/P therapy is contra’d in what? (3)

A
  1. CV things (like thromboembolic state, CVD, MI, CAD)
  2. Hyperlipidemia
  3. Woman cancers (breast, ovarian, endometrial)
22
Q

How does the progestin only pill work?

A

It DOES NOT block ovulation! It impairs sperm transport by thickening cervical mucus & thickens endometrium to impair implantation. Higher risk of failed therapy

23
Q

Why give progestin only pill?

A

When woman is breast feeding, or if she is a smoker..

**“If a woman is on estrogen and she’s smoking, she’s asking for a clot” -Guljan

24
Q

AE’s of a combo P/E transdermal patch?

A
  1. Less effective in obese women
  2. Break through bleeding in first 2 cycles
  3. Skin reaction
25
Q

How does the vaginal ring work?

A

Women put it in their vagina. Its in for 3 weeks then out for 1 week. Delivers E/P. Not effective for the first 7 days

26
Q

How quickly does fertility return when you take out the vaginal ring?

A

Very quickly.. like in a matter of hours

27
Q

What are the 2 types of IUD and how long are they effective?

A
  1. Copper containing (15-20 years)

2. Progestin releasing (5 years max)

28
Q

How long does it take fertility to be restored after removal of IUD?

A

Not long.. wasnt temporally quantified

29
Q

Whats a sponge?

A

Something that contains spermacide that a woman puts “up in there”. Its left in for 6 hours post-coitus

30
Q

What is the morning after pill composed of and how do you take it?

A

2 doses of levonorgestrel separated by 12 hours. Must take first dose w/in 72 hours of intercourse (sooner = better)

31
Q

What are the 2 termination drugs?

A
  1. Mifepristone (7 weeks contragestational

2. Onapristone (antagonizes progestin receptors)

Reproductive Pharm (17 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions