Oral cavity to stomach Flashcards
Where does food go as it is swallowed?
through the pharnyx and then to the esophogus
in the esophagus phase, how is food moved along to to stomach?
through PERISTALSIS which are rythmic contractions that move food unidirectionally from mouth to the stomach
What happens to the contractions associated with peristalsis while we are lying down, inverted, or in reduced gravity enviorments?
the contractions become stronger and more rythmic in order to push the bolus down to the stomach
When the bolus enters the stomach, what does it turn into?
Chyme
what is Chyme?
A mixture of food and gastric juice
what is the upper sphincter of the stomach called? (2 names)
Does it let food in or out?
upper sphinter is called the lower esopheal or cardiac sphincter
-upper sphincter lets food IN
what is the lower sphincter of the stomach called?
does it let food in or out?
the lower sphincter of the stomach is called the Pyloric sphincter
it lets food OUT
What do gastric glands within the stomach produce?
secretions called gastric juice
What are the two components of gastric juice?
Pepsinogen and hydrochloric acid (HCL)
What is pepsionogen production stimulated by?
and what is pepsinogen converted to?
Pepsiongen production is stimulated by presence of gastrin in the blood.
-pepsiongen is coverted to pepsin
what is pepsin?
an enzyme that breaks down proteins
What does HCL do?
converts pepsinogen into pepsin, dissolves foods, and kills microorganisms
What PH does HCL help maintain the stomach to?
2.0
What does mucous in the stomach do?
protects stomach from HCL and pepsin
What is the total capacity of our stomach?
2.0 L
