intro to Digestive Flashcards
What is the main purpose of the digestive system?
To chemically break down large molecules into smalll molecules that can be used by cells
what are the three main macronutrients that are produced through the process of digestion?
-Lipids
-glucose
-amino acids
What are the sources of each macronutrient?
lipids=fats
glucose=carbohydrates
amino acids=proteins
mechancial breakdown/digestion
breakling down large chunks of food into subparticles….teeth
chemical breakdown/digestion
occurs with the help of an enyzme that breaks chemical bonds in food
Each macronutirent has its own ____ to help break it down
enyzme
What is the energy in glucose used to produce and through what processes?
the energy in glucose is used to produce ATP via glycolysis and mitochondrial respiration
What can excess AAs be used for?
To make pyruvate and Acetyl CoA that will be used for mitochondrial respiration
what can glycerol and fatty acids be converted to for mirochondrial respiration?
Pyruvate and Acetyl CoA
What do salvivalry glands secrete to help with digestion?
mucous and enzymes
What does salvilary amylase break down and into what?
Salviliary amylase breaks starch (polysaccharide) down to to maltose (disaccharide)
What do HCO3- glands in salvia act as?
they act as bufers to help keep pH between 6.5-7.5
What does mucous do?
it lubricates and helps hold chewed food together
clump of food is called a bolus
what type of muscle is a tounge? what type of control?
The tounge is a skeltal muscle that is voluntary controlled
Whats the molecule that lipids, glucose, and AAs get turned into?
AcetocoA
