Oral Cavity Histo

Question 1

What area is enclosed between the lips and teeth?

Answer 1

vestibule

Question 2

What is the oral cavity bound by?

Answer 2

hard and soft palate
tongue and floor of mouth
teeth
anterior and lateral orpharynx

Question 3

What is the superior boundary of the oral cavity?

Answer 3

hard and soft palate

Question 4

What is the anterior and lateral boundary of the oral cavity?

Answer 4

labium/lip, cheek, and body of the tongue

Question 5

What is the inferior boundary of the oral cavity?

Answer 5

geniohyoid and mylohyoid muscles supporting the floor of the mouth

Question 6

What is the posterior border of the oral cavity?

Answer 6

uvula, palatine tonsil, root of the tongue, and the lingual tonsil

Question 7

What is the transitional zone between external haired skin and internal oral mucosa?

Answer 7

vermillion border

Question 8

What creates the color of the oral cavity?

Answer 8

higher vascularized dermis and thin, overlying keratinized epidermis

Question 9

What kinds of glands do the lips lack?

Answer 9

sweat and sebaceous glands

Question 10

What is the oral cavity’s function?

Answer 10

ingestion
framentation
moistening
mastication
deglutition
speech
facial expression
sensory perception
respiration

Question 11

What is mastication?

Answer 11

cutting, chewing, and grinding of food by occlusal surfaces of the teeth

Question 12

What is created by the process of mastication?

Answer 12

a bolus of food

Question 13

What is another term for swallowing?

Answer 13

deglutition

Question 14

What does the anterior 2/3rds of the tongue consist of?

Answer 14

core mass of skeletal muscle (longitudinal, transverse, oblique)

Question 15

What is the posterior 1/3rd of the tongue consist of?

Answer 15

aggregations of lymphatic tissue (lingual tonsils)

Question 16

How many cranial nerves innervate the tongue?

Answer 16

5

Question 17

How many pharnygeal arches help to develop the tongue?

Answer 17

4

Question 18

What is the dorsal surface of the tongue covered by?

Answer 18

nonkeratinized stratified squamous epithelium supported by lamina propria

Question 19

What is the lining mucosa? (oral cavity)

Answer 19

non-keratinized mucosa found on inner cheeks, floor of mouth, ventral surface of tongue and soft palate

Question 20

What layer of skin does the lining mucosa not have?

Answer 20

lacks stratum corneum

Question 21

Where is the masticatory mucosa?

Answer 21

present in areas of high abrasion (gingiva and hard palate)

Question 22

What type of cells are in the masticatory muscoa?

Answer 22

keratinized and nonkeratinized

Question 23

What are the four pairs of intrinsic muscles of the tongue?

Answer 23

-superior longitudinal
-inferior longitudinal
-transversus linguae
-verticalis linguae

Question 24

What is the on the dorsal surface of the tongue?

Answer 24

numerous mucosal projections called lingual papillae

Question 25

What are lingual papillae formed from?

Answer 25

highly vascular connective tissue core and a covering layer of stratified squamous epithelium

Question 26

How are the four types of lingual papillae divided?

Answer 26

based on their shape

Question 27

What are the form types of lingual papillae?

Answer 27

filiform, fungiform, foliate & circumvallate

Question 28

What type of lingual papillae are the most numerous?

Answer 28

filiform papillae

Question 29

What type of lingual papillae do not have taste buds?

Answer 29

filiform papillae -mostly tactile

Question 30

What are the characteristics of filiform papillae?

Answer 30

keratinized, have short bristles, and are distributed in parallel rows

Question 31

What are the characteristics of fungiform papillae?

Answer 31

nonkeratinized stratified squamous has taste buds along apical surface

Question 32

What are the characteristics of foliate papillae?

Answer 32

parallel rows taste buds in lateral walls

Question 33

What are the characteristics of circumvallate papillae?

Answer 33

occupies a recess in the mucosa and is surrounded by a circular furrow or trench

Question 34

Where are circumvallate papillae located?

Answer 34

posterior part of the tongue; aligned in front of the sulcus terminalis

Question 35

What are the serous (Ebner's glands) associated with?

Answer 35

foliate and circumvallate papillae

Question 36

Where do the ducts of the Ebner's glands open into?

Answer 36

into the floor of the circular furrows (into the moats)

Question 37

What do the serous (Ebner's) glands secrete?

Answer 37

lingual lipase and VEGP

Question 38

What does VEGP (von ebner's gland protein) do?

Answer 38

undertakes the selective binding of sapid (flavorful) chemicals and their transport to taste receptors (present chewed food to the tastebud)

Question 39

Where are taste buds?

Answer 39

on the sides of circumvallate papilla and face the wall of the furrow

Question 40

How many cells are in taste buds?

Answer 40

50-150 cells -narrow apical ends extend into a taste pore

Question 41

What are the three components of the taste bud?

Answer 41

(1) taste receptor cells (2) supporting cells (or immature taste cells) (3) precursor cells (or basal cells)

Question 42

Where are ovoid chemoreceptors found?

Answer 42

fungiform, foliate, circumvallate papillae (on the soft palate, posterior pharynx, and epiglottis)

Question 43

What is the lifespan of cells in the taste receptor?

Answer 43

10-14 days

Question 44

What do taste receptor precursor cells do?

Answer 44

give rise to supporting cells which become mature taste receptor cells

Question 45

What does the basal portion of a taste receptor cell make contact with?

Answer 45

an afferent nerve terminal derived from sensory ganglia (facial, glossopharyngeal, and vagus nerves)

Question 46

What are the four classic taste sensations?

Answer 46

sweet, sour, bitter, salty

Question 47

What is the fifth taste sensation?

Answer 47

umami (MSG)

Question 48

What are other bitter tastants?

Answer 48

varied compounds with no common molecular structure (caffeine, morphine, nicotine)

Question 49

What is umami linked to?

Answer 49

a specialized receptor for L-glutamate and other amino acids

Question 50

Where are glutamates naturally found?

Answer 50

meats, cheeses, several veggies

Question 51

What does glutamate signal?

Answer 51

presence of proteins and causes the intake of proteinious foods

Question 52

Each taste bud can discern all five tastes but appear to concentrate on _______ out of five.

Answer 52

two

Question 53

Taste buds on the palate register primarily _______ & ____.

Answer 53

bitter and sour

Question 54

What modalities do the posterior and epiglottis taste buds register?

Answer 54

all five

Question 55

What protein receptor specifically responds to the flavor of fat?

Answer 55

CD 36

Question 56

What does CD 36 do?

Answer 56

facilitate the uptake of fatty acids -may also increase the preference for fatty foods

Question 57

What is the new taste modality for?

Answer 57

complex carbohydrates

Question 58

What type of saliva does sympathetic stimulation cause?

Answer 58

thick, viscous saliva, rich in proteins (muscusy)

Question 59

What type of saliva does parasympathetic stimulation cause?

Answer 59

copious, watery saliva

Question 60

What does saliva contain?

Answer 60

water, glycoprotines, proteins, enzymes, antibodies, K, bicarbonate

Question 61

What enzymes are in saliva?

Answer 61

amylase and lysozyme

Question 62

What are the functions of saliva?

Answer 62

* Moistens oral mucosa & dry food * Provides carrier medium for sense of taste * Buffering via high bicarbonate content * Digestion of carbohydrates via amylase * Immunologic function—secretion of salivary IgA * Control of bacterial flora

Question 63

What is the average saliva production?

Answer 63

600-1500 mL/day

Question 64

What are the three pairs of salivary glands?

Answer 64

parotid, submandibular, sublingual

Question 65

Which salivary gland is almost completely serous?

Answer 65

parotid (largest gland)

Question 66

What is the parotid duct called?

Answer 66

stenson's duct

Question 67

Where does the parotid gland open?

Answer 67

within the vestibule, opposite upper 2nd molar

Question 68

What salivary gland has mixed serous and mucous?

Answer 68

submandibular -inferior and medial to remus of mandible

Question 69

What is another name for the submandibular duct?

Answer 69

Whartons duct

Question 70

Where does the submandibular duct open?

Answer 70

at sublingual caruncle

Question 71

What type of duct are simple cuboidal to columnar epithelium?

Answer 71

striated ducts

Question 72

Which salivary gland is mostly mucous?

Answer 72

sublingual

Question 73

What is an acinus?

Answer 73

compound (branched) glands; secretory unit -can be serous or muscous

Question 74

What type of cells surround acini and aids in secretion of saliva into ducts?

Answer 74

myoepithelial

Question 75

What is a sialolith?

Answer 75

salivary stones

Question 76

What type of saliva are acini?

Answer 76

serous and mucous

Question 77

What type of ducts are lined by simple cuboidal epithelium and secrete HCO3 and resorb Cl?

Answer 77

intercalated ducts

Question 78

Serous acini of mixed glands are often in the form of __________

Answer 78

demilunes

Question 79

What are the functions of salivary glands?

Answer 79

resorb Na, secrete K into saliva, and secrete lysozyme and IgA