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Neuro 2 > Oral Cavity and Sinuses > Flashcards

Oral Cavity and Sinuses Flashcards

1
Q

What does the parotid duct pierce? where does it open up?

A

buccinator m and opens opposite of 2nd upper molar

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2
Q

What is the mucosa of the check innervated by?

A

long buccal n

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3
Q

What nerve spirals around submandibular duct?

A

lingual n.

thus, duct will be above n in floor of mouth

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4
Q

What can be found lateral to the sublingual gland in the floor of the oral cavity ?

A

only mm.

it is FREE of any nerves and vessels

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5
Q

Describe the parasympathetic pathwaay to the sublingual gland

A

superior salivatory nucleus->VII->chorda tymani->lingual->submandibular ganglion->sublinggual gland

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6
Q

Describe the sympathetic pathway to the sublingual gland

A

SCG->ECP-> Sublingual or facial plexus -> sublingual gland

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7
Q

What innervates the endoderm of the tongue?

A

endoderm is thee posterior 1/3 of the tongue, it is also called the pharyngeal portion. It is innervated by IX -GVA and SVA

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8
Q

What innervates the ectoderm of the tongue?

A

ectoderm makes up the ant 2/3 of the tongue, also called oral portion
Innervated by VII - SVA and lingual n - GSA

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9
Q

What innervates the intrinsic mm of the tongue?

A

GSE - XII

Does all the mm EXCEPT platoglossus (X)

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10
Q

What is the action of the genioglossus m?

A

protrude tongue

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11
Q

What is hypoglossal palsy?

A

paralysis, atrophy, fasciculations of the intrinsic tongue mm.

Unilateral: normal genioglossus deviates towards affected side
Bilateral: dyspnea, dysarthria, dysphagia

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12
Q

What closest the pharyngeal isthmus during deglutination

A

the soft palate - prevents reflux into the nasopharynx

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13
Q

What is the innervation of tensor veli palatine m? What is the action?

A

vagus

Tenses soft palate and opens auditory tube

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14
Q

What is the innervation of the levator veli palatini m? what is the action?

A

X (pharyngeal plexus)

elevates soft palate

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15
Q

What occurs if there is paralysis of the tensor or levator palate?

A

mm pull uvula towards normal side

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16
Q

What is a big bleeder during tonsillectomy?

A

tonsillar v

17
Q

Where do fractures in the nose commonly occur?

A

between septal cartilage and ethmoid and vomer bone

18
Q

What can the pharyngeal opening of the auditory tube clinically be used for?

A

catherized to drain middle ear. sits posterior to the inferior concha

19
Q

What fold has an underlying m? salpingopalatine fold or the salpingopharyngeal fold?

A

salpingopharyngeal fold

20
Q

What region is located at the superior portion of the nasal cavity

A

olfactory region: olfactory receptor location

21
Q

What choncae condition air by regulating blood flow?

A

middle and inferior

22
Q

What causes nasal congesttion?

A

venous sinus dilate and engorge with blood. swelling of conchae that obliterate airflow

23
Q

Where does the superior sinus drain into?

A

sphenoethmoidal recess that is post-sup to superior concha

24
Q

What openings are in the superior meatus?

A

ethmoidal air cell openings

25
Q

What opening is found in inferior meatus?

A

nasolacrimal duct

26
Q

What terminal branch of maxillary a supplies the septum and lateral walls of the posterior half of the nasal cavity?

A

sphenopalatine a and its branches: posterior lateral and posterior septal a

27
Q

What is kiesselbach’s area?

A

junctions between septal branches of superior labial a and sphenopalatine aa

where epistaxis - nose bleeds - occur often

28
Q

What supplies the innervation to anterior 1/3 of nasal cavity?

A

anterior ethmoidal n.

Branch of nasocillary n

29
Q

What supplies the innervation to posterior 2/3 of nasal cavity?

A

pterygopalatine ganglion branches

GVA fibers

30
Q

What innervates the mucosa of gingiva and hard palate?

A

nasopalatine n

31
Q

What is the function of conchae?

A

increase of Surface area of nasal cavity and humidify and warm inspired air

32
Q

Describe the clinical significance of adenoids

A

Pharyngeal tonsil can hypertrophy and be called adenoids. these may obstruct auditory tube or nasopharynx

33
Q

What is maxillary sinusitis?

A

inflammation and can be associated with tooth ache of 1st and 2nd moles

34
Q

What can the close approximation of the maxillary sinus to the surrounding area cause clinically if there is an infection?

A

inflection can spread to frontal, ethmoidal cells, nasal cavity, teeth, and maxillary sinus

If there is a fracture, the maxillary sinus can open into the orbit

35
Q

What is transmaxillary surgery used for?

A

to get to orbit, pterygoid fossa, teeth etc

36
Q

What are the borders of the sphenoidal sinus?

A

superior: pituitary
inferior: nasopharynx
Ant: nasal cavity
Post: pons, basilar a
Lateral: ICA, V1, cavernous sinus

37
Q

What forms the hard bony palate?

A

palatine processes of the maxillae and horizontal plates of the palatine bone

Neuro 2 (4 decks)

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