Oral Cavity And Esophagus Flashcards
What are the layers of the alimentary canal from internal to external?
Mucosa
Submucosa
Muscularis externa
Serosa/Adventitia
What comprise the mucosa layer?
Epithelium- interacts w content of alimentary canal
Lamina propria
Muscularis mucosae made of only smooth muscle separates mucosa and submucosa
What comprise the submucosa?
Mainly the Meissner’s plexus
What comprise the muscularis externa layer?
Contains 2 muscles layers
The inner circular layer
Outer longitudinal layer
Auerbach’s plexus is found between the 2 layers
What is the difference between serosa and adventitia?
If there is a peritoneum covered is a serosa
If there is no peritoneum and just CT it is adventitia
What are some differences found in the oral cavity?
No muscularis externa
No serosa/adventitia
No muscularis mucosae
What are the characteristics of the mucosa of the oral cavity?
Made on non keratinized stratified squamous epithelium
Lamina propria is for support
No muscularis mucosae
What are the characteristics of the submucosa of the oral cavity?
Contains minor salivary glands
Salivary glands are intrinsic glands
Secrete mucus
What are the characteristics of the tongue?
Keratinized stratified squamous epithelium is found
Extrinsic and intrinsic muscles
4 different papillae: filiform, fungiform, circumvallate and foliate
What are the characteristics of the filiform papillae?
Most abundant type found throughout tongue
Keratinized
No taste buds
Have a mechanical role
What are the characteristics of the fungiform papillae?
Mushroom shaped
Found on anterior tongue
Taste buds located on their apical surface
What are the characteristics of circumvallate papillae?
Found along anterior part of terminal sulcus
About 8-12, Large, dome-shaped
Have a moat like groove with taste buds
Have Von Ebner’s glands which produce serous (watery) secretion to flush out taste buds
What are the characteristics of the foliate papillae?
Found posterolateral
Parallel ridge
Taste buds locate on their lateral surfaces
What are the characteristics of taste buds?
Oval shaped
Taste pore opens into the surface
Possess sensory cells which are modified neurons
Possess support cells which are specialized fibroblasts
Located in the lingual papillae and the oral cavity especially in the glossopharyngeal arch, soft palate and epiglottis
What are the major salivary glands?
Parotid-Largest, long duct and serous gland
Submandibular— Floor of the mouth, mixed gland (mostly serous)
Sublingual-Floor of the mouth, mixed gland (mostly mucous)
What are the functions of the major salivary glands?
Mainly produce saliva for: Lubrication Moistens the food Digestion of carbohydrates Antimicrobial Contains IgA Source of calcium and phosphate
What is the structure of the salivary glands?
Secretory part that can be serous, mucous or mixed
Ductal system
Stroma made of capsule, septa and adipocytes
What are the characteristics of the serous acini?
Rounded, spherical
Protein secreting
Cell structure made of euchromatic nucleus, abundant RER and apical secretory granules
Stain dark (basophilic)
What are the characteristics of the mucous acini?
Tubular in shape
Mucus secreting
Cell structure made of heterochromatic nucleus, frthy apperance
Pale stained
What are the characteristics the seromucous or mixed acini?
Serous demi lune cap the mucus secreting acini
What are the different types of ducts?
Intralobular ducts-within lobules
Interlobular ducts-between lobules made of stratified columnar epithelium
Main ducts- from glands to oral cavity
What are the characteristics of the intralobular ducts?
Made of 2 types of ducts:
Intercalated ducts made of cuboidal epithelium with basally placed nucleus
Striated ducts made of columnar epithelium with centrally placed nucleus. Contain basal membrane infoldings, mitochondria, ion transport and hypotonic saliva
What are the characteristics of the mucosa of the esophagus?
Epithelium is non keratinized stratified squamous epithelium
Lamina propria is made of CT and more fibrous
Muscularis mucosae different from the rest of the GI,is longitudinally oriented in bundles and made of smooth muscle
What are the types of glands in the esophagus?
Mucosal glands made of esophageal cardiac glands found at the terminal and distal esophagus
Submucosal glands also called the esophageal glands proper are small and compound tubuloalveolar found in most of the esophagus
