oral cavity Flashcards
Borders of the oral vestibule
Ant: Lips which makes up the Rima oris
Post: Teeth and alviolar processes covered by Giniva
Lat: Cheeks
Giniva
Gums: the mucous layer or membrane which covers the alivolar processes and is firmly attached to the bone
- it reflects onto the lips and cheeks making up the fornix
fornix
movable mucous membrane
connection of the oral vestibule
- upper lip is connected to nasal cavity via Nasolabial folds and philtrum
- lower lip connects to chin at mentolabial fold
- connect to eachother laterally
- ducts of small salivarygland open into vestibule
- Connection between oral vestibule and oral cavity proper behind the 3d Molars when mouth is closed
which structures can be identified in the oral vestibule
- Maxillary/mandibular alviolar processes
- Frenulum of lover and upper lip
- intadental gingiva
- Fornix
Borders of oral cavity proper
-Laterally and anteriorly: Teeth, alviolarprocesses+gingiva
-Post: Isthmus of faucet
-Roof: -hart and soft palate
-Floor: Oral diaphragm
(-The 2 geniohyoid muscles lies on top of the oral diaphragm and is also considered part of the floor)
- What separates the oral cavity from the nasal cavity?
- Where does the parotid duct open ?
- The palate
- parotid pappilla in back of oral cavity.
What makes up the oral diaphragm?
-Mylohyoid muscle + the rape
Give the borders of the Isthmus of faucet
Sup: soft palate
Inf: root of tongue
Lat: Palatoglossal and palatopharyngeal arches
(ant and post: palatine arches + muscles of same name)
Parts of the tongue
- Apex
- Base
- Root
- Body
- Dorum
- Inferior surface
Divisions of the anterior surface of the tongue
-Pars pappillaris: ant. 2/3s of the tongue In oral cavity =>presulcal part
contains all papillae and has a median sulcus which divides into R&L.
-Pars follicularis: post. 1/3d of tongue in oropharynx. =>postulcal part. contains lingual tonsil, see loads of lingual follicles (lymphoid nodules)
-Terminal sulcus: divides into pre and post sulcal
V-shapes line of circumvallate papillae with the foramen cecum in middle.
-
Which structures can you find on the inferior surface of the tongue?
- Frenulum of tongue
- Fimbriated folds-> conceals sublingual glands
- Lingual vein just below fimb. folds
- Sublingual folds with..
- .. sublingual caruncle: opening of sublingual and sub mandibular glands
- A submucosal elevation caused by a small sublingial gland on each side at the apex
Borders of Lateral lingual groove
Borders:
medial: hypoglossus
lateral: mylohyoid muscle
superior: sublingual mucous membrane
Content of lateral lingual groove
- Lingual n
- Hypoglossal n (more posteriorly)
- submandibular duct
- (sublingual duct?)
- Sublingual gland (only anteriorly)
- (+ lingual vein?)
Medial lingual groove
Borders: Medial: Genioglossus mucle Lateral: Hyoglosus muscle Content: -Lingual a. -Glossopharyngeal n (not totally)
Pirogoffs trigone
-Lies in submandubular triangle Borders: Sup: hypoglossal n Ant: Post. margin of mylohyoid muscle Post: Stylohyoid/post. belly of digastric m
Beclards trigone
-Lies in Submental triangle of neck
Borders:
-Superior: Tendon of post belly of digastric
-Inferior: Greater horn of hyoid bone
Posterior: Free margin of Hyoglosu Muscle
Which are the intrinsic muscle of the tongue?
- Superior longitudinal
- Transversus
- Verticalis
- Inferior longitudinal
which are the extrinsic muscles of the tongue
- Genioglossus
- Hyoglossus
- Styloglossus
- Palatoglossus
innervation of the muscles of the tongue
They’re all innervated by Hypoglossal nerve, except for Palatoglossus which is innervated by the pharyngeal plexus.
Genioglossus:
- From mental spine of mandible, (from the superior genial tubercles of the mental symphysis)
- Fans out :
(a) Lowest fibres are attached to the body of hyoid bone;
(b) Intermediate fibres pass deep to the hyoglossus and are continuous with the middle constrictor muscle of pharynx;
(c) Upper fibres turn forward and upward and are inserted into the tongue extending from the root to its apex.
Function: Move tongue forward => protraction by inf. fibers + Depression by anterior fibers.
Hyoglossus
-From greater horn of hyoid bone
to lateral side and inferior surface of the tongue.
Function: Depreses and retracts tongue
