oral cavity

Question 1

Borders of the oral vestibule

Answer 1

Ant: Lips which makes up the Rima oris
Post: Teeth and alviolar processes covered by Giniva
Lat: Cheeks

Question 2

Giniva

Answer 2

Gums: the mucous layer or membrane which covers the alivolar processes and is firmly attached to the bone
- it reflects onto the lips and cheeks making up the fornix

Question 3

fornix

Answer 3

movable mucous membrane

Question 4

connection of the oral vestibule

Answer 4

• upper lip is connected to nasal cavity via Nasolabial folds and philtrum
• lower lip connects to chin at mentolabial fold
• connect to eachother laterally
• ducts of small salivarygland open into vestibule
• Connection between oral vestibule and oral cavity proper behind the 3d Molars when mouth is closed

Question 5

which structures can be identified in the oral vestibule

Answer 5

• Maxillary/mandibular alviolar processes
• Frenulum of lover and upper lip
• intadental gingiva
• Fornix

Question 6

Borders of oral cavity proper

Answer 6

-Laterally and anteriorly: Teeth, alviolarprocesses+gingiva
-Post: Isthmus of faucet
-Roof: -hart and soft palate
-Floor: Oral diaphragm
(-The 2 geniohyoid muscles lies on top of the oral diaphragm and is also considered part of the floor)

Question 7

• What separates the oral cavity from the nasal cavity?

- Where does the parotid duct open ?

Answer 7

• The palate

- parotid pappilla in back of oral cavity.

Question 8

What makes up the oral diaphragm?

Answer 8

-Mylohyoid muscle + the rape

Question 9

Give the borders of the Isthmus of faucet

Answer 9

Sup: soft palate
Inf: root of tongue
Lat: Palatoglossal and palatopharyngeal arches
(ant and post: palatine arches + muscles of same name)

Question 10

Parts of the tongue

Answer 10

• Apex
• Base
• Root
• Body
• Dorum
• Inferior surface

Question 11

Divisions of the anterior surface of the tongue

Answer 11

-Pars pappillaris: ant. 2/3s of the tongue In oral cavity =>presulcal part
contains all papillae and has a median sulcus which divides into R&L.
-Pars follicularis: post. 1/3d of tongue in oropharynx. =>postulcal part. contains lingual tonsil, see loads of lingual follicles (lymphoid nodules)
-Terminal sulcus: divides into pre and post sulcal
V-shapes line of circumvallate papillae with the foramen cecum in middle.
-

Question 12

Which structures can you find on the inferior surface of the tongue?

Answer 12

• Frenulum of tongue
• Fimbriated folds-> conceals sublingual glands
• Lingual vein just below fimb. folds
• Sublingual folds with..
• .. sublingual caruncle: opening of sublingual and sub mandibular glands
• A submucosal elevation caused by a small sublingial gland on each side at the apex

Question 13

Borders of Lateral lingual groove

Answer 13

Borders:

medial: hypoglossus
lateral: mylohyoid muscle
superior: sublingual mucous membrane

Question 14

Content of lateral lingual groove

Answer 14

• Lingual n
• Hypoglossal n (more posteriorly)
• submandibular duct
• (sublingual duct?)
• Sublingual gland (only anteriorly)
• (+ lingual vein?)

Question 15

Medial lingual groove

Answer 15

Borders: 
Medial: Genioglossus mucle
Lateral: Hyoglosus muscle
Content:
-Lingual a.
-Glossopharyngeal n (not totally)

Question 16

Pirogoffs trigone

Answer 16

-Lies in submandubular triangle
Borders:
Sup: hypoglossal n
Ant: Post. margin of mylohyoid muscle
Post: Stylohyoid/post. belly of digastric m

Question 17

Beclards trigone

Answer 17

-Lies in Submental triangle of neck
Borders:
-Superior: Tendon of post belly of digastric
-Inferior: Greater horn of hyoid bone
Posterior: Free margin of Hyoglosu Muscle

Question 18

Which are the intrinsic muscle of the tongue?

Answer 18

• Superior longitudinal
• Transversus
• Verticalis
• Inferior longitudinal

Question 19

which are the extrinsic muscles of the tongue

Answer 19

• Genioglossus
• Hyoglossus
• Styloglossus
• Palatoglossus

Question 20

innervation of the muscles of the tongue

Answer 20

They’re all innervated by Hypoglossal nerve, except for Palatoglossus which is innervated by the pharyngeal plexus.

Question 21

Genioglossus:

Answer 21

• From mental spine of mandible, (from the superior genial tubercles of the mental symphysis)
• Fans out :
  (a) Lowest fibres are attached to the body of hyoid bone;

(b) Intermediate fibres pass deep to the hyoglossus and are continuous with the middle constrictor muscle of pharynx;
(c) Upper fibres turn forward and upward and are inserted into the tongue extending from the root to its apex.

Function: Move tongue forward => protraction by inf. fibers + Depression by anterior fibers.

Question 22

Hyoglossus

Answer 22

-From greater horn of hyoid bone
to lateral side and inferior surface of the tongue.

Function: Depreses and retracts tongue