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Oral Pathology 1 > Oral Cancer > Flashcards

Oral Cancer Flashcards

1
Q

Premalignant 6

A
  • Leukoplakia
  • Proliferative verrucous leukoplakia
  • Tobacco pouch keratosis
  • Oral submucous fibrosis
  • Actinic chelitis
  • Erythroplakia
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2
Q

Malignant 3

A
  • Squamous cell carcinoma
  • Verrucous carcinoma
  • Basal cell carcinoma
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3
Q

Leukoplakia

Definition

A
  • White patch
  • Cant be characterized clinically or pathologically as any other disease
  • Term is strictly clinical, does not imply a specific tissue change
  • Diagnosis of exclusion what it isnt rather than what is it
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4
Q

Leukoplakia

Habits

Age

A
  • 80% smokers
  • May ressolve after cessation
  • Alcohol synergistic effect with tobacco
    • No assoc with leukoplakia
  • Affects ppl over 40
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5
Q

Leukoplakia

Distribution

% of cancer in certain areas

A
  • Affects 40 or older
  • Most on
    • Tongue
    • Vermillion
    • Buccal mucosa
    • Gingiva
  • Those on the vermilion, tongue, floor of mouth
    • 90% dysplasia or cancer
  • Lesions may have varied apperance and change over time
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6
Q

Microscopic Diagnosis of leukoplakia could be 5

A
  • Hyperkeratosis= benign callous (most are this)
  • Dysplasia= abnormal growth/cells
    • can regress or progress
  • Carcinoma in situ
    • Cancer within epithelium
    • Will progress to invasive carcinoma
  • Superficially invasive carcinoma
  • Squamous cell carcinoma
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7
Q

Proliferative Verrucous Leukoplakia

Risk

Apperance

Risk

Requires

A
  • High risk form, progressive growth–> Cancer
  • Characterized by multiple white plaques with rough warty surface projections
  • Multiple plaques tend to grow slowly
  • Significantly increased tendency to develop into squamous cell carcinoma
  • Requires close pt follow up
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8
Q

Smokeless Tobacco Keratiosis

App

Risk

A
  • Gingival recession w/ no bone loss
  • Gray white translucent plaque border blends
  • No link to cancer
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9
Q

Oral Submucous Fibrosis

Cause

Apperance

Dist

Tx

Risk

A
  • Chronic progressive high risk precancerous
  • Betel quid or paan
  • App
    • Brown red color mucosa
    • Palor (pale) and fibrosis (excess fibrous CT)
    • Biccal mucosa, retromolar pad and soft palate
  • Trismus
  • Does not regress with cessation
  • Surgery and meds can help improve fibrosis
  • Pts 19X more likely to develop cancer
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10
Q

Erythroplakia

App

Age

Dist

Risk

A
  • Red patch that cannot be clinically/micro diagnosed
  • Middle aged to older alduts
  • App
    • Red Well-demarcated macule/plaque with velvety texture
  • Dist
    • Floor of mouth lateral/ventral tongue, soft palate
    • Multifocal and recurrence common
  • Greater potential for malignancy
    • 90% show severe dysplasia, carcinoma in situ or frankly invasive cancer
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11
Q

Actinic Chelitis

Due to

Population

App

A
  • Common premalignant change of lower lip
  • Due to long term UV light
  • Rare in ppl younger than 45
  • Common in males
  • App
    • Atrophy of vermillion border
    • Smooth surface paleness
    • Rough scaly areas
    • Leukoplakia appears
    • Multifocal ulcers
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12
Q

Most common oral cancer

Pop

Prognosis survival rate

A

95% Squamous cell carcinoma

M: F 3:1

Prognosis 5 yr survival rate is low, 58%

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13
Q

Why poop prognosis for SCC

A

Many cases are advanced when diagnosed

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14
Q

Advanced SCC app

A
  • Indurated tumor mass
  • Ulceration or bleeding
  • Pain
  • Cervical lymph node enlargement
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15
Q

Early SCC

Arise from

Growth

A
  • Arise from clinically visible precursor lesion
  • Evolution to cancer is slow
  • Most are preventable and curable
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16
Q

Early SCC common presentations

A
  • Persistent localized
  • Asymptomatic red and/or white lesion (Erythroplakia, leukoplakia, erythroleukoplakia)
  • Not ulcerated or painful
  • Patient is unaware of lesion
17
Q

Precancerous lesions Malignant potential

A
  • Proliferative verrucous leukoplakia
  • Nicotine palatinus in reverse smokers
  • Erythroplakia
  • Eryhtroleukoplakia
  • Smooth, thick leukoplakia
  • Smokeless tobacco keratosis
  • Lichen planus
  • Smooth thin leukoplakia
18
Q

Verrucous Carcinoma

App

Risk

A
  • White rough warty surface
  • Low grade malignancy
  • Slow growing
19
Q

Basal Cell Carcinoma

Cause

Growth

App

Loc

A
  • Assoc with sun
  • Slowly growing
  • Asymptomatic
  • App
    • Smooth, raised, shiny or translucent
    • Depressed center often ulcerated
    • Very infiltrative and destructive
    • Rarely Metastasizes
  • Does not occur in mouth
20
Q

SCC vs Basal Cell carcinoma

Location

Due to

A
  • SCC
    • Below lip tragus line
    • Acute sun damage sunburns
  • BCC
    • Above lip tragus line
    • Chronic sun exposure

Oral Pathology 1 (12 decks)

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