Oral

Question 1

Xerostomia

Answer 1

dry mouth

Question 2

Dental Caries etiology

Answer 2

Strep mutans
Bacterial acid demineralizes enamel

Question 3

disorder?

Begins asymptomatically as a destructive process of the hard surface of the tooth

Answer 3

Dental Caries

Cavities

Question 4

Over time, dental caries extends to the underlying dentin and penetration of the tooth pulp

Answer 4

Pulpitis

dental abscess

Question 5

Constant tooth pain is worse when laying down. **Acute or irreversible pulpitis? **

Answer 5

Irreversible pulpitis

Question 6

painful gingiva, tissue appears eroded with superficial grayish pseudomembranes, foul breath, excessive salivation

Answer 6

Necrotizing Ulcerative Gingivitis (NUG), a type of acute agressive periodontal disease

“Trench mouth” “Vincent’s infx”

Question 7

Trmnt for necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis?

“trench mouth”

Answer 7

• warm 1/2 peroxide rinse
• Chlorhexidine (Peridex) oral soln
• Augmentin 875mg

Question 8

Child with creamy-white curd-like rmvble patches on their oral mucosa

Answer 8

Oral Candidiasis

thrush

Question 9

Adult comes in with oral candidiasis. Concern for what?

Answer 9

first manifestation of HIV

Question 10

How to diagnose Oral candidiasis?

Answer 10

• pour some potassium hydroxide (KOH) and see if it begins to budd yeast
• culture for candidia albicans

Question 11

Oral Candidiasis trmnt

Answer 11

• Fluconazole (diflucan)
• clotrimazole oral lozenge
• nystatin soln (oral rinse)

refractory cases: itraconazole

Question 12

trmnt for pt who has oral candidiasis after using their inhaler for a different condition?

Answer 12

oral rinse after inhaler use

Question 13

lacy white plaques on oral mucosa

Answer 13

Oral Lichen Planus

trmnt: biopsy to rule oui SCC
topical corticosteroids

Question 14

well demarcated white lesion that cannot be rmved with friction (rubbing)

Answer 14

Leukoplakia

Question 15

What is this and what is it a concern for?

Answer 15

Hairy Leukplakia is a common sign of HIV infx

Question 16

Leukoplakia vs Erythroplakia

Answer 16

Leukoplakia is white (soemtimes hairy -> HIV) and CANNOT be rubbed off.
Erythroplakia is RED and Inflammatory, and will bleed when scraped.

Question 17

Well-demarcated white lesion with lots of redness aorund it. Bleeds easily when scraped

Answer 17

Erythroplakia

Question 18

Leukoplakia and Erythroplakia management. Which one has a higher risk for cancer?

Answer 18

biopsy for SCC.
Erythroplakia = 90% chance SCC or dysplasia
Leukoplakia = 2-6% chance SCC or dysplasia

There are no approved therapies for reversing or stabilizing LP or EP

Question 19

90% of oral cancers are ____

Answer 19

SCC

Question 20

Early oral cancer lesions often appear as ___ or _____.

Answer 20

leukoplakia or erythroplakia

Question 21

unilateral throat masses with painful swallowing and wt loss

oftem buried within palatine or lingual tonsils

Answer 21

Oropharyngeal cancer (SCC)

Question 22

Fancy name for canker sores

Answer 22

Apthous Ulcers

Ulcerative Stomatitis

Question 23

Stomatitis

Answer 23

inflammation of the oral mucosa

Question 24

Canker Sore Trmnt

Answer 24

• Orabase, Triamcinolone
• viscous lidocaine rinse

pance pearls V3 says 1st line trmnt is topical oral glucocorticoids (dexamethasone)

Question 25

blisters on gums caused by ____ infection during childhood

Answer 25

HSV ## Footnote Herpetic Gingivostamtitis

Question 26

blisters on tongue and lip caused by ___ infection during childhood

Answer 26

HSV ## Footnote herpetic stomatitis

Question 27

Trmnt for oral HSV infection

Answer 27

Acyclovir (Zovirax) Valacylovir (Valtrex)

Question 28

oropharyngeal vesicles, fever 101F, refusing to eat, mouth and throat pain

Answer 28

Herpangina - Hand/foot/mouth (HFM)

Question 29

# etiology & trmnt Herpangina - Hand/foot/mouth (HFM)?

Answer 29

Coxsackie virus No trmnt (tylenol)

Question 30

Trmnt for Herpangina and HFMD?

Answer 30

- Tylenol ## Footnote no trmnt needed

Question 31

Sialadenitis vs Sialolithiasis

Answer 31

Sialadenitis - bac infx of a salivary gland, usually due to an obstructing stone or gland hyposecretion Sialolithiasis - THE STONE (Ca++ salts)

Question 32

Sialadenitis is most often caused by which pathogen? which gland?

Answer 32

- S. aureus, S. pneumonia, H. Flu - Mainly parotid or submandibular

Question 33

Sialadenitis trmnt severe cases

Answer 33

- hydration - IV ABX **Nafcillin** - CT or US - I&D

Question 34

painless salivary gland mass. Trmnt?

Answer 34

- poss cancer (especially if facial nerve involved) - Fine needle aspiration (preferred) - MRI/CT - Sx Rmvl, post-op rad

Question 35

benign bony exostosis, may be midline of hard palate or on floor of mouth

Answer 35

Torus Palatinus or Mandibularis

Question 36

dysphagia and speech problems

Answer 36

Ankyloglossia | tongie-tied ## Footnote Frenectomy once >4yo

Question 37

Leukoplakia vs Erythroplakia

Answer 37

Leukoplakia is white (soemtimes hairy -> HIV) and CANNOT be rubbed off. Erythroplakia is RED and Inflammatory, and will bleed when scraped.