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AP Science > Optics Quiz > Flashcards

Optics Quiz Flashcards

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1
Q

Electromagnetic

A

No medium required for transmission, transferred through radiation. Carries both electric and magnetic energy

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2
Q

Medium

A

Substance through which energy can be transferred

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3
Q

Radiation

A

Energy of transmission not requiring a medium

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4
Q

Speed of light

A

3.00 x 10^8 m/s

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5
Q

Electromagnetic wave types

A 
Radio waves
Microwaves
Infrared 
Ultra Violet
X-Rays
Gamma
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6
Q

Visible light

A

Electromagnetic waves the eye can detect

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7
Q

Visible light colours

A

Red orange yellow green blue indigo violet

ROYGBIV

Red lowest - violet highest frequency

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8
Q

White light

A

All colours in spectrum

- when shun through prism colours are broken apart into the colours

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9
Q

How is light produced

A

Electrons become excited and jump to high energy levels and when returned to original level it releases energy in form of light

By sun, incandescent, electric discharge, fluorescence, phosphorescence, chemiluminescence, bioluminescence, triboluminescence light

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10
Q

What is light?

A

Electromagnetic wave

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11
Q

Incandescence

A

Materials such as metal heated to high temperature and begin to glow initially red and as it gets hotter transitions to orange, yellow and then white

Ex: flame from candel
Incandescent light bulb

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12
Q

Electric discharge

A

Electric current passes through medium, so light is produced

Lightning
Neon

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13
Q

Phosphorescence

A

Phosphors absorbs light at energy and releases slowly as lower energy.

Ex glow in the dark objects

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14
Q

Fluorescence

A

Object absorbs ultra violet light and immediately releases energy as visible light

Ex fluorescence light bulb
High lighters

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15
Q

Chemiluminescence

A

Chemical reaction producing light
With typically no heat

Ex light sticks

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16
Q

Bioluminescence

A

Chemiluminescence in living organisms

Ex: fireflies

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17
Q

Light- emitting diodes (LED)

A

Electric switch from semi- conductors materials such as silicon. A diode only allows current to flow in one direction

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18
Q

Radio wave

A

Radio
Tv signals
Cell phone communication
Radar

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19
Q

Microwave

A

Telecommunication
Microwave oven
Astronomy(Big Bang)

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20
Q

Infrared

A

Remote controls
Lasers
Heat detection

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21
Q

Ultra violence light

A

Skin tan
Skin cancer increase
Vitamin d
Black lights

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22
Q

X-rays

A

Medical imaging
Security equipment
Cancer treatment

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23
Q

Gamma

A

Cancer treatment

Production of nuclear decay

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24
Q

Direction of light

A

Straight line, luminous objects light in all directions

Ex candel

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25
Q

Geometric optics

A

Use of light rays to determine the path of light when it strikes an object

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26
Q

Incident light

A

Light emitted from a source

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27
Q

Transparent

A

Let’s light pass clearly

Ex glass

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28
Q

Translucent

A

Allows some light to pass but not as clearly

Ex mesh

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29
Q

Opaque material

A

No light passes through either absorbed or reflected

Ex cardboard

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30
Q

Mirror

A

Polished surface that exhibits reflection

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31
Q

Plane mirror

A

Flat mirrors

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32
Q

Image

A

Reproduction of an original object that is produced through use of light

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33
Q

Two types of images

A

Real and virtual

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34
Q

Reflection

A

Bouncing back of light from a surface

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35
Q

Specular Ray

A

Reflection off smooth surface

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36
Q

Diffuse reflection

A

Reflection of light off an irregular or dull surface

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37
Q

Virtual image

A

Image formed by light coming from an apparent light source that image is formed in rays that do not come from the location of image

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38
Q

Object- Image Line

A

Line between original object and location of image

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39
Q

SALT

A

Size
Attitude
Location
Type

40
Q

Centre of curvature

A

Point of sphere that would be formed with the mirror section

41
Q

Principal Axis

A

Line that goes through centre of the mirror and centre of curvature

42
Q

Vertex

A

Point on mirror where principal axis crosses centre of mirror

43
Q

Focus

A

Point which light rays that are parallel to principal axis converge when the reflect off concave mirror

44
Q

Converge

A

To meet a common point

45
Q

Real image

A

Image that can be seen on a screen as a result of light rays arriving at the screen location

46
Q

Concave mirrors used in

A

Flashlights headlights

47
Q

Object beyond c

A

Smaller inverted between c & f real

48
Q

At C

A

Same inverted at c real

49
Q

Between c&f

A

Larger inverted beyond c real

50
Q

At f

A

No image

51
Q

Between f abs virtex

A

Larger upright behind mirror virtual

52
Q

Concave

A

Reflection is from the INNER surface of spherical section

53
Q

Convex

A

Reflection from OUTER surface of the spherical section

54
Q

Centre of curvature

A

Centre point of sphere formed with the mirror section

55
Q

Principal axis

A

The line that goes through the centre of the mirror and centre of curvature

56
Q

Vertex

A

Point where principal axis passes mirror

57
Q

Focus

A

Point at which light rays that are parallel to principal axis converge when they are reflected off a concave mirror

58
Q

Converge

A

To meet a certain point

59
Q

Concave steps for diagrams

A

Parallel to principal axis then through F

Through F and parallel to principal axis

60
Q

SALT for converging object beyond C

A

Real
Inverted
Smaller
Between C & F

61
Q

Converging at C

A

Real
Inverted
Same size
At C

62
Q

Converging at F

A

NO IMAGE

63
Q

Converging between C & f

A

Real
Inverted
Larger
beyond C

64
Q

Converging between F and mirror

A

Virtual
Upright
Larger
Behind mirror

65
Q

Diverge

A

To spread apart

66
Q

Steps for diverging mirror

A

Same as converging

67
Q

SALT for diverging mirror

A

Virtual
Upright
Smaller
Between F and mirror

68
Q

Magnification

A

Ratio of the height of image to the height of the object

M= hi divided by ho
di divided by do

69
Q

Refraction

A

Light travels from one medium to another and it bends

70
Q

Cause of refraction

A

Speed slow-fast or fast-slow

71
Q

Speed of light of vacuum and air

A

3.00x 10^8 m/s

72
Q

Angle of refraction

A

If light slows down or speeds up and bends at a particular angle

73
Q

Perpendicular

A

Boundary and normal

74
Q

Fast - slow

A

Toward normal

75
Q

Slow- fast

A

Away from normal

76
Q

Partial reflection and refraction

A

Some light is refracted and some is reflected

77
Q

Index of refraction in a medium

A

Speed of light in a medium

Vacuum: 1.oo
Air: 1.ooo3

78
Q

Formula for index of refraction

A

N= c/v
N-index of refraction
C- speed of light in vacuum 3.oox 10^8 m/s
V- doped of light in other medium m/s

79
Q

Another way of calculating index of refraction without speed of light

A

Snells law

N1xsinxOi=N2xsinxOr

80
Q

Critical angle

A

Light travels from one medium to another causing partial reflection and refraction and angle of incidence increases until the angle of refraction is 90•

81
Q

Total internal reflection

A

Angle of incidence goes past critical angle

82
Q

2 conditions of total internal reflection

A

Light travels more slowly in first medium

Angle of incidence is large enough for no refraction

83
Q

Converging lenses

A

Refracts parallel Rays so they all past through a single point and converge . Thickest in middle and thinnest at edge

84
Q

F vs f’ converging

A

F is principal focus on the side with refracted Rays

F’ is secondary focus on side with incident Rays

85
Q

Converging lenses refract where

A

Lens axis not optical centre

86
Q

Diverging lenses

A

Refracts parallel Rays so they diverge on other side of the lens the do not converge. Thinnest in middle thickest at the edgest

87
Q

Diverging F and f’

A

F on incident Rays

F’ on refracted Rays

88
Q

Emergent Ray

A

Light Ray that leaves lens after refraction

89
Q

Salt for converging lens beyond 2F’

A

Real
Inverted
Between 2F and F
Smaller

90
Q

Converging lens at 2F

A

Real
Inverted
Same size
at 2F

91
Q

Converging lens between F and 2F

A

Real
Inverted
Larger
Beyond 2F

92
Q

Between F’ and lens converging

A

Virtual
Larger
Upright
Behind lens

93
Q

Salt for diverging lenses

A

Smaller
Upright
Virtual
Same side as object

94
Q

Optical centre

A

Centre of lens

95
Q

Luminous

A

Light source that produces its own light

AP Science (3 decks)

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