Optics Exam Review Flashcards
What is energy?
The ability to do things or work
What is visible light?
Light that can be seen by the human eye
What is absorption in terms of light?
When light from a surface is absorbed and turned into heat
What is reflection?
When light bounces off a reflective surface
What is refraction?
Light bending when it passes through a medium
What’s light?
Electromagnetic radiation in wavelength
What’s the human eye?
An optical device a human uses to see
Sources of light and examples
Light from the sun. Ex the sun
Light from incandescence. Ex incandescent light bulb
Light from luminescence. Ex fluorescent light bulb
Concave diagram
Draw the concave mirror as a vertical line with a curved surface facing the object. Mark the focal point (F) on the principal axis, located halfway between the mirror’s surface and the center of curvature (C). Place the object (an arrow) in front of the mirror
Convex diagram
Pick a point on the top of the object and draw two incident rays traveling towards the mirror. Once these incident rays strike the mirror, reflect them according to the two rules of reflection for convex mirrors. Locate and mark the image of the top of the object. Repeat the process for the bottom of the object
Converging diagram
To draw a converging lens diagram, follow these simple steps:
- Draw the Lens: Start by drawing a vertical line in the center of your paper. This line represents the lens. Make it slightly curved outward on both sides to show that it is a converging lens.
- Add the Principal Axis: Draw a horizontal line through the center of the lens. This line is called the principal axis. It represents the path along which light travels.
- Mark the Focal Points: On the principal axis, mark two points on either side of the lens, equidistant from the lens. Label these points as F (focal points). The distance from the lens to each focal point is the focal length (f).
- Draw the Object: Draw an arrow perpendicular to the principal axis on the left side of the lens. This arrow represents the object. Label it as “Object” or “O.”
- Draw Light Rays:
- First Ray: Draw a straight line from the top of the object arrow to the lens, parallel to the principal axis. When this ray hits the lens, it will refract and pass through the focal point on the right side of the lens.
- Second Ray: Draw another straight line from the top of the object arrow directly towards the center of the lens. This ray will continue straight without bending.
- Locate the Image: Extend the refracted rays on the right side of the lens. They will converge at a point where you can draw another arrow pointing upwards. This arrow represents the image formed by the lens. Label it as “Image” or “I.”
- Indicate Characteristics: You can add notes indicating that the image is real, inverted, and diminished (if the object is placed beyond the focal length).
By following these steps, you will have a clear diagram of a converging lens showing the object, lens, focal points, and the image formed.
Diverging diagram
To draw a diverging lens diagram, follow these easy steps:
- Draw the Lens: Start by drawing a vertical line in the center of your paper. This line represents the lens. Make it slightly curved inward on both sides to show that it is a diverging lens.
- Add the Principal Axis: Draw a horizontal line through the center of the lens. This line is called the principal axis, representing the path along which light travels.
- Mark the Focal Points: On the principal axis, mark two points on either side of the lens, but this time, the focal points will be on the same side as the object. Label these points as F (focal points). The distance from the lens to each focal point is the focal length (f).
- Draw the Object: Draw an arrow perpendicular to the principal axis on the left side of the lens. This arrow represents the object. Label it as “Object” or “O.”
- Draw Light Rays:
- First Ray: Draw a straight line from the top of the object arrow to the lens, parallel to the principal axis. When this ray hits the lens, it will refract outward as if it is coming from the focal point on the same side as the object.
- Second Ray: Draw another straight line from the top of the object arrow directly towards the center of the lens. This ray will continue straight without bending.
- Locate the Image: Extend the refracted rays on the left side of the lens. They will diverge, and if you trace them backward, they will appear to converge at a point. Draw another arrow pointing upwards at this point. This arrow represents the image formed by the lens. Label it as “Image” or “I.”
- Indicate Characteristics: You can add notes indicating that the image is virtual, upright, and diminished (since the object is placed on the opposite side of the focal point).
By following these steps, you will have a clear diagram of a diverging lens showing the object, lens, focal points, and the image formed.
Cornea
Curved clear structure that reflects light before enters the eye
Aqueous humour
A thick watery substance between lens and cornea
Pupil
Dark circles, light enters but doesn’t leave
