Chem: Exam Review Flashcards
What is the law of conservation mass?
Atoms Can’t be created or destroyed in a chemical reaction. This means at the beginning of a reaction it will be an equal mass at the end.
What is pH and how is it measured?
pH the potential of hydrogen and is measured on a scale: Acidic (0-6.9), Neutral (7), Basic (7.1-14)
Decomposition
In which a single compound breaks into two or more elements/new compounds.
Example: AB —> A+B OR LiBr —> Li+Br
Synthesis
Two or more substances/elements come together to form one new compound.
Example: A+B —> AB OR Li+Br —> LiBr
Single displacement
A reaction where one element is replaced by another within a compound. (Only occurs when an element is more reactive than the one within the compound.)
Example: ABC + E —> ABE + C
Double displacement
A reaction in which two parts of compounds are exchanged creating two new compounds. This occurs when a more reactive element displaces/pushes out a less reactive element from the compound that has the less reactive element.
Example: When iron is added to copper sulphite solution, it displaces the copper metal. OR AB + CE —> AE + CB
Combustion
A chemical reacts with oxygen creating a burn.
There are two types of combustion
Complete and incomplete. check notes for chem equation, because I can’t write it properly on here 😛
Element
Made up of atoms and cannot be broken down/simplified
Compound
Made up of two or more elements; can be broken down.
Matter
Anything that takes up space or mass.
Atom
Smallest unit of measurement, building block of matter.
Mixture
Made of more than one kind of particle.
There are two kinds of mixtures…
Homogeneous: Visible, like pizza.
Heterogeneous: Not seeable with the naked eye, such as juice.
Pure substance
Made up of one kind of particle.
Covalent bond
Two or more atoms share the same electrons.
