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Science Exam GR 10 > Optics > Flashcards

Optics Flashcards

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1
Q

Why is sunlight important to the Earth?

A

It heats the Earth’s surface which allows photosynthesis to occur

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2
Q

What do scientists call the “small packets of light energy”?

A

Photons

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3
Q

What are the 4 properties of light?

A

1) Light travels at a high speed
2) Light travels in straight lines
3) Light is a form of energy
4) Light travels in a vacuum

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4
Q

What is a thin beam of light called?

A

A light ray

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5
Q

What is a light ray represented by?

A

An arrow

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6
Q

Medium

A

Any substance through which energy can be transferred

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7
Q

Radiation

A

A method of energy transfer that doesn’t require a medium; The energy travels at the speed of light

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8
Q

Electromagnetic Waves

A

A wave that has both electric and magnetic parts and travels at the speed of light

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9
Q

Visible Light

A

Electromagnetic waves that the human eye can detect

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10
Q

Electromagnetic Spectrum

A

A scale of electromagnetic waves

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11
Q

What are the 7 types of electromagnetic waves from largest to smallest?

A

1) Radio Waves
2) Microwaves
3) Infrared Light
4) Visible Light
5) Ultraviolet Light
6) X-rays
7) Gamma Rays

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12
Q

What is one use for every type of electromagnetic wave?

A

Radio Waves: AM/FM Radio

Microwaves: Microwave Ovens

Infrared Light: Remote Controls

Visible Light: Rainbows

Ultraviolet Light: Kills Bacteria in Food and Water

X-rays: Medical Imaging

Gamma Rays: Cancer Treatment

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13
Q

Light

A

A wave of energy that can be natural or artificial. It has different wave lengths, all with different colours

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14
Q

Luminous

A

Objects that emit their own light

Example: The sun

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15
Q

Non- Luminous

A

Objects that don’t emit their own light Example: The moon

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16
Q

Light From Incandescence

A

The process of emitting light because of a high temperature

Example: Light Bulb

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17
Q

Light From Electrical Discharge

A

The process of emitting light because of electricity that passes through a gas

Example: Neon Signs

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18
Q

Light From Phosphorescence

A

An object that can emit light for a period of time after light has been shined on it

Example: Glow in the dark toys

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19
Q

Light From Fluorescence

A

The process of emitting light while receiving energy from a different source

Example: Fluorescent light bulbs

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20
Q

Light From Chemiluminescence

A

The process of changing chemical energy into light energy with little change in temperature Example: Glow Sticks

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21
Q

Light From Bioluminescence

A

A chemical reaction that takes place inside a living organism that makes them emit light

Example: Bacteria

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22
Q

Light From Triboluminescence

A

The production of light from friction as a result of scratching, crushing or rubbing certain chemicals together

Example: Biting into a wintergreen lifesaver

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23
Q

Light From LED

A

Light emitted when the diode is connected to an electoral current which excited the electrons making them release photons that we see as light

Example : Flashlight

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24
Q

Object

A

The thing being studied that produces the original rays of light

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25
Q

Image

A

The pattern that results from the reflected light rays

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26
Q

What are the 4 characteristics to remember an image?

A

1) Size
2) Attitude
3) Location
4) Type

SALT

27
Q

Rectilinear Propagation

A

A property of light meaning that light travels in straight lines

28
Q

Light Ray

A

The pathway taken by light

29
Q

Light Beam

A

A bundle of light rays

30
Q

Converging Beam

A

A beam of light in which the light rays focus to a point

31
Q

Diverging Beam

A

A beam of light in which the light rays spread out from a point

32
Q

Regular Reflection

A

The reflection of light off a smooth, shiny surface

33
Q

Incident Ray

A

A ray of light travelling from a source towards an object

34
Q

Reflected Ray

A

A ray of light that reflects off the surface of an object

35
Q

The Point Of Incidence

A

The point where the incident ray strikes the surface of the object

36
Q

Normal

A

The line drawn from the surface at an angle os 90 degrees to the reflecting surface (Shown with a dotted line)

37
Q

Angle Of Incidence

A

The angle between the incident ray and the normal

38
Q

Angle of Reflection

A

The angle between the reflected ray and the normal

39
Q

Mirror

A

Any polished surface reflecting an image

40
Q

Reflection

A

The bouncing back of the light from the surface

41
Q

What are the 2 parts of a mirror? What are they made out of?

A

1) Front Part: A sheet of glass
2) Back Part: A thin layer of reflective silver of aluminum

42
Q

What are the 2 laws of reflection?

A

1) The angle of the *Incident Ray *is equal to the angle of the Reflected Ray
2) The incident ray, the reflected ray and the normal all lie in the same plane

43
Q

Specular Reflection

A

Reflection of light off of a smooth surface

Example: Still Water

44
Q

Diffuse Reflection

A

The reflection of light off an irregular or dull surface

Example: Disco Ball

45
Q

When bouncing a ray off of 2 mirrors, what conclusion can u make about the incident ray and reflected ray?

*Review “The Laws of Reflection” Lab”

A

The orginal incident ray is alwaus parallel to the reflected ray from the second mirror

46
Q

What is the connection between *Dyslexia *and reflection?

A

People with Dyslexia have diffuculty reading off of white paper because light reflects off of it

47
Q

What do people with Dyslexia wear to avoid reflection?

A

Glasses or coloured filters

48
Q

Concave Mirror

A

A mirror shaped like a spere; inner surface is reflective

49
Q

Convex Mirror

A

Mirror shaped like a sphere: outter surface is reflective

50
Q

Centre of Curvature

A

The centre of the sphere like mirror

51
Q

Principal Axis

A

The line through the centre of the curvature to the midpoint of the mirror

52
Q

Vertex

A

The point where the principal axis meets the mirror

53
Q

Focus

A

The point at which light rays parallel to the principal axis converge when they are reflected off a concave mirror

54
Q

What are the 4 Imaging Rules** For Concave Mirrors?

A

1) A light ray is parallel to the principal axis is reflected through the focus
2) A light ray through the centre of curvature is reflected back onto itself
3) A ray through f will reflect paralled to the principal axis
4) A ray aimed at the vertex will follow the law of reflection (Incident Ray=Relfected Ray)

*1 AND 3 TRAVEL IN OPPOSITE DIRECTIONS*

55
Q

What are the 3 Imaging Rules for Convex Mirrors?

A
56
Q

What does a convex mirror always produce?

A

A virtual image

57
Q

To determine if an image is in a plane mirror what is needed?

A

a minimum of 2 rays

58
Q

If the rays are extened behind a mirror what does this make them?

A

Virtual

59
Q

Which way do convex mirrors curve?

A

To the left

60
Q

Which way do concave mirrors curve?

A

To the right

61
Q

An image in a plane mirror is always what?

A

Virtual

62
Q

Transparent Material

A

Light easily passes through the material and a clear image can be seen through the material

63
Q

Translucent Material

A

Light passes through the material but is scattered and no clear image can be seen

64
Q

Opaque Material

A

No light passes through the material. All light energy is absorbed or reflected.

Science Exam GR 10 (3 decks)

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