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Physic notes > Optics > Flashcards

Optics Flashcards

1
Q

what is the propagation speed for light

A

c=3x10^8

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2
Q

what is the refractory index for air

A

1

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3
Q

law of reflection is what

A

light bounce off
e.g. mirror
angle in is equal to angle out

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4
Q

law of refraction what is it

A

object looks broken
e.g. pencil in a water of glass

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5
Q

in the law of refraction what is the equation

A

n1sin(theta1) = n2sin (theta2)

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6
Q

what is the equation for total internal reflection

A

theta = sin^-1 (n2/n1)

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7
Q

if a lense is converging what sign will this be

A

positive

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8
Q

if a mirror is concave what sign will it be

A

negative

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9
Q

what is the mirror/ thin lense equation

A

1/image distance + 1/object distance = 1/focal length

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10
Q

if magnification smaller than 1 this means that the image is

A

smaller than the object

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11
Q

if magnification bigger than 1 what does this mean to the image

A

image is larger than the object

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12
Q

object larger than the wavelength of light - what characteristics and what what optics

A

ray characteristics
geometric optics

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13
Q

objects smaller than wavelength - what characteristics and what optics

A

wave characteristics
wave optics

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14
Q

the behaviour of light in a medium is dictated by the mediums

A

refractive index

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15
Q

why is the speed of light through its matter is less than its vaccum

A

atoms and particles in material interact with light - therefore hindering speed

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16
Q

if the incident angle is greater than the critical angel then where are all light rays reflected

A

internally

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17
Q

when then refractive index in medium one is higher than medium 2 what will occur

A

total internal reflection

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18
Q

if a lense has a convering effect what lense is this

A

convex

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19
Q

point of convergence and point of divergence of light rays passing through lens or reflecting off a mirror is called what and labelled what

A

focal point
F

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20
Q

distance of focal point to lens is called what and labelled as what

A

focal length
f

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21
Q

greater effect a lens has on light rays more what

A

optical power

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22
Q

real or virtual - when light rays pass through image point

A

real

23
Q

real or virtual - when light rays DON”T pass through image point - light rays appear to come from image point of the same side as object

A

virtual

24
Q

can virtual object be presented on to a screen

A

no

25
Q

a concave lens can form what type of image

A

virtual only

26
Q

negative m revers to inverted/ upright image

A

inverted

27
Q

what is the process:
image distance from the lens to retina (di) is fixed so the lens must adjust its focal length to focus images on the retina for objects at different distances

A

accomodation

28
Q

the distance to the closest object that can be seen clearly is called what

A

near point

29
Q

the distance to the closest object that can be seen clearly is called what

A

near point

30
Q

are the light rays from near objects not parallel what does this mean for what type of lens would be

A

true
- lens must be more converging

31
Q

what muscle makes the lens thicker to be more converging and thinner to be less conversing

A

ciliary muscle

32
Q

equation for power is

A

P = 1/f

33
Q

what is the normal near point for a 25 year old

A

25cm

34
Q

what eye defect has shortsightedness
- inability to see far objects clearly
- far point

A

myopia

35
Q

what eye defect has the
- inability to see close objects clearly
- near point further away from normal

A

hypermetropia

36
Q

what eye defect has this
near point gets further away
- not a disease - normal part of ageing

A

presbyopia

37
Q

what eye defect is this
- entire image not completely in focus, but parts are
- corrected by wearing glasses

A

astigmatism

38
Q

bending of wave around edged of an opening

A

defraction

39
Q

what is it called when two waves cross each other

A

interference

40
Q

in phase - are when peaks and troughs are in line what will this mean for resultant wave
what type of interference is this called

A

twice amplitude
- constructive interference

41
Q

out phase is when peaks and troughs dont align what will the resultant amilitude be
- what type of interference is this

A

resultant is zero
destructive

42
Q

the smaller the aperture the _____ the angle of diffraction

A

larger

43
Q

the limit to the ability of any optical instrument to produce distinct images of objects which are very close together is called what

A

resolving power or resolution

44
Q

glasses with convering or diverging lenses are able to correct hypermetropia

A

converging

45
Q

is it possible for a converging lens to form a virtual image -

A

no because this means that it would be a convex lens to be converding
only concave lens (diverging) and convex mirrors are able to produce virtual image

46
Q

is it possible for a diverging lens to form a real image

A

no because only concave (diverging) lens are able to produce virtual

47
Q

what is the formular for refractive index

A

n=c/v (c is a constant)

48
Q

a convex lense when do>F what does this mean for an image

A

real, enlarged, inverted

49
Q

a convex lens do<F what does this mean for image

A

Alway virtual, enlarge and upright

50
Q

in concave lens image will be

A

alway virtual, reduced and upright

51
Q

in convex mirror image will be

A

virtual, always reduced and up right

52
Q

in concave mirror (do>F) image will be

A

image real, enlarged and inverted

53
Q

in a concave mirror (do<) image will be

A

always virtual, enlarged and up right

Physic notes (8 decks)

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