Optical Instruments Flashcards

1
Q

What happens when the object is outside F in concave lens (2)

A

-image is virtual
-reduced but upright

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What happens when the object is outside F in convex lens (3)

A

-image is real
-enlarged or reduced
-inverted

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What happens when the object is at F in convex lens (2)

A

-image formed at infinity
-no P ray

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What happens when the object is inside F in convex lens (5)

A

-No f ray as the ray does not pass focal point
-enlarged image
-example of magnifying glass
-upright
-virtual

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Define focal point (2)

A

-it is a specific point where the parallel rays of light either converge or appear to diverge after passing through or reflecting off an optical instrument

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

State what is convex lens also called as (1)

A

-converging

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

State what is concave lens also called as (1)

A

-diverging

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

State the formula focal point (3)

A

1/ distance from object to lens + 1/distance between image and lens = 1/ focal point

(Di = + for real image , - for virtual)

(Do = + diverges)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

State the formula for magnification (3)

A

M = - (distance between image and lens / distance between object and lens )

Upside down = -
Right way up +

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the focal length convention for concave and convex lenses (2)

A
  • f is positive for convex lenses
  • f is negative for concave lenses
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the magnification convention for concave and convex lenses (4)

A
  • m is + for upright images
  • m is - for inverted images

If m less than one then it is reduced
If m greater than 1 its enlarged

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the image distance convention for concave and convex lenses (2)

A
  • di is + real images
  • do is - virtual images
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

How does a human eye work (3)

A

-light passes through the cornea of the human eye
-it is then focused by the variable lens on the retina
-the eye produces a real, inverted image on the retina

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

How does the human eye look at distanced or nearby objects (3)

A

-the ciliary muscle’s adjust the shape of the lens to alter at the focus point
-the ciliary muscles tense to focus on nearby objects
-they relax to focus on distant objects

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Define near point (1)

A

-it is the closest point to the eye that the lens is able to focus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Define far point (1)

A

-it is the furthest point at which the eye can focus

17
Q

Go over lenses in combination (1)

18
Q

State and explain the concept of nearsightedness (5)

A

-a near sighted person has a far point that is finite distance away
-objects further away appear blurry
-this is due to the relaxed lens focusing too strongly
-so the image is formed in front of the retina
-after the far point the vision is fuzzy

19
Q

How to correct nearsightedness (2)

A

-a diverging lens is used (concave)
-it’s focal length is such that a distant object forms an image at the far point

20
Q

State the formula for refractive lower

A

= 1 / focal length
Si unit = m-1

21
Q

State and explain the concept of farsightedness(5)

A
  • a person who has farsightedness can see the object far away easily
    -but cannot focus on closer objects
    -because the near point is too far away
    -the lens of the eye is not strong enough
    -fuzzy vision before the near point
22
Q

How to fix and correct farsightedness (3)

A

-a converging lens (convex)
-is used to increase the converging power
-the final image is last the near point

23
Q

What does the magnifying glass do with the near point (1)

A

-it moves the near point closer to the eye so the object appears closer and larger

24
Q

State the formula for angular size (1)

A

= height of the object / distance from the object to the eye

25
What do you observe when object is far from the eye (1)
-smaller view hence smaller angle
26
What do you observe when object is closer from the eye (3)
-larger view hence greater angle used -angular angle size increases -object can be seen with more detail when image taking up more space or retina
27
State the formula for angular angle respective to near point (1)
Height of object / near point
28
Look at the magnifying glass section
-
29
State the formulas for maximum magnification (2)
M = angle with lens / angle without lens = near point / focal length. (Image at infinity) 1 + near point / focal length (when image at near point)
30
What does a compound microscope include (2)
Two converging lenses -the eye pierce -the objectives
31
State the formula of magnification of objective (2)
M objective = - (distance b/w objective lens and image formed / distance from objective lens to object ) Or - (distance b/w objective lens and image formed / focal length of objective
32
State the formula for magnification of eye pierce (1)
Near point / focal length eye pierce
33
Go over compound magnification (1)
-
34
Lenses are generally used in air, however if a convex kens is placed in water how will its focal length change (3)
-in water the difference in refractive index of the lens and it’s surrounding is reduced -the light will bend less in water -as a result the focal length of a submerged kens is larger than the same lens in air