Opposition and dissent Flashcards
When did level of opposition increase?
After 1942 when Germany began to struggle in the war
What were some methods of opposition?
. Active resistance - overthrow the regime
. Protest - such as criticism of an aspect of Nazi policy
. Non -conformity - failure to adhere to Nazi ideals
Many people did not always pull together in unified Volksgemeinschaft but…
Neither did people want to actually get rid of the regime
Who were the Edwelweiss Pirates and how did they show resistance?
Youth groups that were explicitly anti-Nazi:
. Wore banned uniforms and attacked the Hitler Youth
How did the Catholic Church show active resistance?
. Spoke out against the regime where they felt their interests or values were threatened - In 1937, Catholic priests read out an encyclical from the Pope condemning Nazi ideas
. In 1941 large protests against the order to remove crucifixes from Schools
Who were The White Rose groups and how did they show resistance?
Formed in Munich 1942 - movement urged Germans to reject Nazi values on ethical grounds:
. Groups distributed anti-Nazi letters and leaflets
. Brother and sister Hans and Sophie Scholl were beheaded for their resistance
How did the left-wing resist the Nazi regime?
. Active underground resistance on the left - hidden groups engaged in sabotage
. Summer of 1941 there were 89 resistance cells
How were the Red Orchestra groups effective in their resistance?
. Collected intelligence and engaged in the distribution of anti-Nazi leaflets
. However, the network was uncovered and destroyed by the military intelligence in 1942
