OPIATES: Analgesic Flashcards
Memorize
Opiates:Analgesic Clinical Effect
Attach to Opiate Receptors in the brain producing high especially if injected followed by a sense of calm and sedation
Opiates: Analgesics- S/S of Use
***Tracks over vessels-INJECTION SCARS
***SKIN POPPERS- Circular depressed scars- (If you push on the bumps and they squish back up then patient is injecting)
***Tolerance & Dependance
- Decrease in VS, Alertness, Concentration
- Slurred Speech
- Drowsiness
- Dry Mouth
- Constipation
- Flushing
- Pupil Constriction
- N/V
Opiate:Analgesic Substances Used
- Heroin
- Morphine
- Oxycodone
- Darvon
- Vicodan
- Demerol
- Codeine
- Talwin
- Methadone
Opiates:Analgesics Method of Use
Pills, Snorted, capsules, Injectable
Opiate Withdrawal S/S Clustered Groups: Memorize
GI SYMPTOMS- N/V/D, abdominal cramps
MUSCLE ACHING- joint/muscle pain, muscle cramps, lower extremity usually
RUNNY GROUP- Nose/Eyes running constantly, goose bumps
CNC Group- Restlessness, pacing, VS increase, anxiety,
Rest : Diaphoresis, Dilated Pupils, Anorexia
Opiate Withdrawal:
Withdrawal is NOT life threatening but must be treated aggressively. PATIENT WILL NOT TOLERATE DISCOMFORT and will be triggered to return to use of drug of choice to decrease symptoms.
Opiate Withdrawal- Drugs to Decrease Withdrawal Symptoms Memorize
- Clonidine (Catapres) anti-HTN drug - helps decrease Craving for Opiates= calming effect on addict and craving decreased initially
- Muscle Relaxants-Flexeril- are used for cramping
- Analgesics- used for joint and muscle pain
- Anti-anxiety- Used for restlessness
- Bentyl- used for Abdominal Cramping
- Phenergen- used for Vomiting
- Immodium- Used for Diarrhea
- Benadryl- used for Insomnia
- heating pad for aches
Opiates Withdrawal: Other Notes
- Ask patient- What happens to you in withdrawal?
- DO NOT give patient Opiates*
-Severe craving with Opiate Withdrawal
–Any kind of Opiate addicts go to Methadone Clinics (place a patient can go where they can get quality drug and it’s not just off street -
methadone- Legal replacement for Heroin
* NARCAN*- Antidote for Opiate Overdose
Opiate Adverse Effects
- Aids and Hep C
- Septicemia
- Severe Respiratory Depression- especially when used with CNS Depressants- Death! NARCAN can be given to reverse overdose
Opiate Addiction treatment
12 STEP Stinkin Thinkin HALT Addiction Education Use of METHADONE and SUBOXONE for long term treatment- Post Withdrawal
Know difference between Methadone and Suboxone for test
Methadone (Opiate)
- Legally dispersed, taken daily
- Huge in US - Methadone Clinics
- Must go to Methadone Clinics to get dose reduced. An Independant MD can’t reduce alone- Its against the law (federal)
Suboxone (partial opiate- antagonist)
- Considered miracle drug for opiate addiction
- Block receptor site
- CAN NOT become addicted
- Prevents person from having opiate cravings
- Only on it about 6 months- slowly tapered off and patient is then no longer on opiates
- must have special license to prescribe suboxone
- MD can only have 100 patients at any given time-prevents clinics from forming
- Suboxone cuts the post withdrawal firing so patients have no craving
Medications for support DURING withdrawal
Flexeril Clonidine (Catapres) immodium phenergan bentyl Benadryl
Medications for POST Withdrawal
Suboxone
Methadone
