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ABX - Adverse side effects > Ophtho > Flashcards

Ophtho Flashcards

1
Q

EMERGENCY >60yo Metamorphosia, “wavy” Prolonged loss

A

Macular Degeneration

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2
Q

Vesicular eruption Ulcerative HSV1 Mild to moderate symptoms of blepharitis Prevent secondary herpetic keratitis or infection Prophylactic polysporin Trifluridine

A

HSV Dermatitis

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3
Q

RARE CA goes from EYE to liver CA goes from breast and lung to EYE Asymptomatic Usually Stage IV before detection

A

Choroidal Melanoma

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4
Q

EMERGENCY Unilateral blurring, halos, photophobia PAIN N/V, diaphoresis Poorly reactive pupil Conjunctival injection IOP >60 Females, 55-70 yo, farsighted & short

A

Acute Closed Angle Glaucoma

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5
Q

Seb. Derm, rosacea, Meiboman dys., infectious Greasy, flaky, scales Thick, cloudy secretions w/ pressure Baby shampoo scrubs Polymyxin B Doxycycline for recurrent

A

Blepharitis

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6
Q

>60yo Family Hx Drusen (hyaline nodules). (Carbonated) Retinal scar - late sign

A

Atrophic Macular Degeneration

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7
Q

Sneeze, valsalva, BM Pool of blood Can last several months

A

Subconjunctival hemorrhage

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8
Q

MS Cold latitudes Most common cause of vision loss in younger Periorbital pain but NOT eye pain Marcus-Gunn pupil

A

Optic Neuritis

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9
Q

Painless, firm, well demarcated Grayish conjunctiva Asymptomatic Triamcinolone

A

Chalazion

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10
Q

EMERGENCY Associated w/ systematic disease Sarcoidosis, TB, MS, syphilis, IBS Hypopyon Decreased vision Steroids, F/U

A

Posterior Uveitis

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11
Q

Hx severe myopia Develops in adolescence Blurring even w/ lenses Halo’s Night vision difficulty

A

Keratoconus

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12
Q

Dry eyes, UV light, wind Overgrowth from conjunctiva to cornea Surgery if persistent

A

Pterygium (Surfers Eye)

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13
Q

Excessive tearing - epiphora Idiopathic or from surgery / disease Eye Dr - probing or irrigation of duct

A

Nasolacrimal duct obstruction

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14
Q

Slight opacification of macula Microaneurysms Hard exudates: yellowish lesions w/ discreet borders Asymptomatic Refer

A

Diabetic Macular Edema

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15
Q

Muculopurulent drainage When caused by Nisseria - EMERGENCY Oculoquinolone Neomycin Oral ABX for severe

A

Bacterial Conjunctivitis

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16
Q

Yellowish deposits at medial eye lids Asymptomatic, idiopathic Surgery

A

Xanthelasma

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17
Q

Can see individual blood vessels Refer, non-urgent

A

Episcleritis

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18
Q

Image falls short of retina

A

Myopia

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19
Q

Yellow to light brown mass on nasal side of cornea No risk, no treatment

A

Pinguecula

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20
Q

<20/40 in < 6 yo <20/30 in >6 yo VA difference of 2 lines Abnormal alignment Abnormal red reflex Asymmetry of vision Unilateral ptosis

A

Refer to Ophthomology

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21
Q

Image falls long of retina

A

Hyperopia

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22
Q

EMERGENCY Secondary to trauma Flashes, floaters Unilateral Retinal ruggae Marcus-Gunn pupil Surgery or else vision loss

A

Retinal Detachment

23
Q

Does not follow dermatome Global H/A PAIN Rash along V1 of trigeminal Refer Acyclovir

A

Herpes Zoster Ophthalmicus

24
Q

Inversion of lid FB sensation Aging, scar from chem burn Surgery

A

Entropion

25
Q

CONDITIONAL EMERGENCY* Most common eye problem seen FB sensation, tearing, photophobia PAIN REFER if high speed injury or retained FB* Analgesics ABX are controversial

A

Corneal Abrasion

26
Q

EMERGENCY Dendrites on exam Unilateral Topical antivirals

A

Herpes Simplex Keratitis

27
Q

Strabismic, Refractive, Deprivational (severe) Correct as a child or eye will shut down Patch good eye

A

Ambylopia

28
Q

EMERGENCY Red, warm, fever, caused by Staph, Strep Proptosis, restricted motility URI precursor, lid infection, trauma, surgery Can lead to vision loss Drain if abscess, CBC, culture, CT IV PCN or clindamycin w/ allergy

A

Orbital Cellulitis

29
Q

EMERGENCY Associated w/ any type of infection Contacts Dense corneal infiltrates WBC layering (hypopyon) PAIN Emergent referral

A

Corneal Ulcer

30
Q

Chromosome 22 Traumatic Cats Eyes Test for other diseases

A

Coloboma

31
Q

Punctuate staining Schirmer Test Artificial tears Restasis

A

Keratoconjunctivitis Sicca

32
Q

Seasonal Bilateral Stringy discharge Antihistamines Mast stabilizers

A

Allergic Conjunctivitis

33
Q

EMERGENCY Hx carotid disease Amaurosis Fugax - monocular blindness / curtain Profound vision loss White appearing retina Cherry Spots High risk for stroke

A

Retinal Artery Occlusion

34
Q

Progressive farsightedness “Reading glasses”

A

Presbyopia

35
Q

EMERGENCY Anterior > Posterior Dozens of causes, RA, IBD, Bechets, Infection Decreased VA Constricted pupil Mydriatic drops (rest the iris), steroid drops

A

Uveitis (Iritis)

36
Q

Inherited, adolescent onset Night blindness, photophobia Shimmering - photopsia Vitamin A

A

Retinitis Pigmentosa

37
Q

Due to ischemia Neovascularization Loss of red reflex Scotomata, floaters, Cotton Wool Spots Can lead to acute glaucoma, retinal detachment Tx is good DM control

A

Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy

38
Q

Rare Discoloration over cornea or iris Refer

A

Melanoma

39
Q

HTN “Stormy Sunset”, tortuous vessels Vision loss over 12 - 18 hrs

A

Retinal Vein Occlusion

40
Q

>60yo Temporal arteritis Sudden monocular vision loss Jaw pain, scalp pain, neck pain, wt. loss Marcus-Gunn pupil Also >40yo w/ HTN or DM

A

Ischemic Optic Neuropathy

41
Q

Usually NOT infective Sjogrens Starts lateral NOT hot to touch PAIN Steroids for idiopathic Augmentin Biopsy for recurrent or failure

A

Dacryoadenitis

42
Q

Prod > absorption Family Hx, African Americans, DM, steroids Asymptomatic, chronic Check chamber depth w/ tangential lighting Miotic agents, carbonic anhydride, alpha adrenergics, prostaglandins, beta blockers, timoptic Surgery

A

Open Angle Glaucoma

43
Q

Diffuse arteriolar narrowing Cotton Wool Spots, thick vessels AV nicking, Copper wiring (can be missed) Sudden vision decrease, scotomata, diplopia Tx the HTN, not many options

A

Hypertensive Retinopathy

44
Q

Tender, general erythema PAIN Treat to prevent cellulitis from Staph Topical ABX I&D after failure

A

Stye (Hordeolum)

45
Q
A
46
Q

May be due to irritation of cornea or conjunctiva Stress, caffeine, MS When severe it is Benign Essential Blepharospasm

A

Blepharospasms

47
Q

Infection of lacrimal sac Purulent discharge w/ or w/o pressure to sac PAIN Topical ABX Augmentin I&D if abscess

A

Dacryocystitis

48
Q

Sagging of bottom lid Visible space Aging, scarring, CN VII palsy Surgery

A

Ectropion

49
Q

Drooping of eyelid Obstructed visual field Horners Syndrome - CN VIII palsy Surgery

A

Ptosis

50
Q

Infection Unilateral Decreased vision, blurry Caused by TB, syphilis

A

Choroiditis

51
Q

Preauricular adenopathy Highly contageous Adenovirus

A

Viral Conjutctivitis

52
Q

EMERGENCY Blood in anterior chamber settles to lowest point 8 Ball Sign Trauma, Von Willebrands, surgery Refer

A

Hyphema

53
Q

Elderly, decreased night vision Halos, cloudy Loss of red reflex Decreased VA Trauma, DM, smoking Surgery

A

Cataracts

ABX - Adverse side effects (8 decks)

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