Ophthalmology

Question 1

Breslow thickness for T1 staging?

Answer 1

Less than 1mm

Question 2

Optic neuritis findings in fundoscopy?

Answer 2

Mostly normal

Sometimes mild inflammation of disk

Question 3

Treatment for allergic conjunctivitis?

Answer 3

Azelastine eye drops 1 drop both eyes 2-4 x daily

Question 4

Lower eyelid lesion non healing?

Answer 4

BCC until proven otherwise

Question 5

Yellow deposit on sclera?

Answer 5

Pingueculum or pterygium (only on medial side)

Question 6

Treatment for episcleritis?

Answer 6

Oral NSAIDs

Question 7

Difference between episcleritis and scleritis?

Answer 7

Scleritis is painful (significantly) needs urgent assessment

Question 8

Treatment for HSV keratitis?

Answer 8

Referral to urgent opthal
Aciclovir eye ointment - 5x per day for 2 weeks

Oral valaciclovir if immunocompromised 500mg BD 7-10 days

Question 9

Another name for flash burn?

Treatment?

Answer 9

Photokeratitis

Supportive - chloride ointment

Question 10

Name for blood pooling in anterior chamber of eye?

Risk of secondary complication?

Answer 10

Hyphema

• glaucoma. Bed rest advised + eye shield

Question 11

Normal optic cup to disk ratio?

Answer 11

< 50%

Question 12

Enlarged optic cup on fundoscopy?

Answer 12

Glaucoma

Question 13

“Sunset storm” on fundoscopy?

Answer 13

Retinal branch vein occlusion

Question 14

Pale retina and cherry red spot on fundoscopy?

Answer 14

Central retinal artery occlusion

Question 15

Protrusion of eyeball?

Answer 15

Proptosis

Question 16

Signs of 3rd nerve palsy?

Answer 16

1. Ptosis
2. Dilated pupil (midriasis)
3. Down and out gaze

Question 17

Most common cause of central vision loss?

Answer 17

Macular degeneration

Question 18

Risk factors for cataracts?

Answer 18

Age
Smoking
Etoh
Sunlight exposure 
Diabetes 
Poor lifestyle habits

Question 19

Brown ring around limbus of eye?

Answer 19

Kayser-fleischer ring

- Wilson’s disease

Question 20

Poorly differentiated optic disc on fundoscopy?

Answer 20

Papillodema

Question 21

Accumulation of ours in anterior chamber?

Answer 21

Hypopyon

Question 22

Inflammatory eye disease associated with rosacea?

Answer 22

Marginal keratitis

Question 23

Management of blepharitis?

Answer 23

Eyelid hygiene with warm compress
Eyelid form massage
Scrubbing inside edge of eyelid

Chlorsig eye ointment - bd for 1-2 weeks (anterior)
Doxycycline 100mg daily 2-4 weeks (posterior, esp if rosacea present)

Question 24

Treatment for herpes zoster opthalmicus?

Answer 24

Urgent opthal

Oral valaciclovir 1g Q8H 7 days

Question 25

Name for blocked / infected tear duct?

Answer 25

Dacrocystitis

Question 26

Antibiotic choice for acute dacrocystitis?

Answer 26

Keflex 500mg QID

Question 27

Blue discoloured lump over tear duct of newborn?

Answer 27

Dacrocystocele

- urgent referral to opthal

Question 28

When to consider opthal referral for newborn masolacrimal duct obstruction?

Answer 28

If persisting beyond 6 months

Question 29

Pathogen responsible for trachoma?

Answer 29

chlamydia trachomatis

Question 30

Preseptal cellulitis treatment?

Answer 30

Fluclox 500mg QID

Question 31

Name for cholesterol deposits it’s around eyes?

Answer 31

Xanthelasma