Ophthalmologic Flashcards
What is medial canthas/puncta
location of drainage of tears into the nasalacrimal duct
What is in the anterior chamber of the eye
cornea aqueous humor iris pupil lens
What is in the posterior chamber of the eye
lens
vitrious humour
retina
What are signs of a retinal detachment
flashing lights
new bitreous floaters
“shade pulled down on eye”
What is amourosis Fujax
- transient blindness related to carotid artery disease and emboli
- warning of stroke risk
What are gradual vision changes
cataract macular degeneration open-angle glaucoma hemianopsia and quadrantic defects vitreous floaters retinal or visual pathway lesions
Diplopia summary
Def: vertical or horizontal double vision
Cause: central causes - brainstem - cerebellum peripheral causes - weakness or paralysis of CN III - VI (horizontal) - III or IV (vertical)
What is legal blindness in US
20/200 with correction in better eye
peripheral field of vision less than 20 degrees in good eye
Where do most visual field deficits occur
temporal fields
What does a temporal defect in the visual field of one eye suggest
nasal defect in other eye
What is hemianopsia
partial blindness in visual fields of one or both eyes
What is quadrantanopsia
visual field quadrant blindness in one or both eyes
What is homonymous
presence of same defect in both eyes
What is pterygium
thickened conjunctiva that may encroach nasal to temporal
What is anisocoria
unequal pupil size <0.5 difference between eyes
nl: 3-5 mm
