Ophthalmic/Otic meds

Question 1

what is fluorescein stain?

Answer 1

green stain detects corneal ulcers/scratches

Question 2

ointment vs drops

Answer 2

ointments-blur vision

drops- easier to administer, apply frequently

Question 3

why are mydriatic agents contraindicated in animals with glaucoma?

Answer 3

they work with cycloplegic properties- reflexes iris muscle and doesn’t allow humor to flow through. pressure is then built up

Question 4

what affect do mydriatics have on the eye

Answer 4

dilates pupils

Question 5

what affect do cycloplegics have on the eye

Answer 5

paralyze muscles

Question 6

KCS?

Answer 6

keratoconjunctivitis succi = dry eye

Question 7

what treatments can be used for KCS?

Answer 7

artificial tears. antibiotics, steroids, immunomodulator

Question 8

drug categories associated with decreasing intraocular pressure as a result of glaucoma

Answer 8

myotics, carbonic anhydase inhibitors, beta/alpha blockers, osmostic diuretics

Question 9

drugs that are used as a corneal anesthetic

Answer 9

proparacaine hydrochloride

tetracaine

Question 10

what drug do you give for cerebral edema and acute glaucoma?

Answer 10

osmotic diuretics

Question 11

why should eye meds be water and lipid soluble?

Answer 11

the eye is made up of water and lipids. want substances to penetrate the cornea

Question 12

gentamicin?

Answer 12

aminoglycoside (abx)

Question 13

norfloxacin?

Answer 13

fluoroquinolone (abx)

Question 14

natamycin?

Answer 14

antifungal

Question 15

dexamethasone drops/ointment

Answer 15

steroid

Question 16

acyclovir?

Answer 16

antiviral

Question 17

gentamicin with betamethasone?

Answer 17

abx and steroid combo

Question 18

ingredients of nystatin

Answer 18

neomycin, thiostreptin, triamcinolone

Question 19

ingredients of tresaderm

Answer 19

dexamethosone, neomycin

Question 20

ingredients of otomax

Answer 20

gentamicin and betamethosone

Question 21

miconazole are combined with

Answer 21

steroids and abx

Question 22

what drugs cannot be used with a ruptured ear drum?

Answer 22

aminoglycosides- ototoxic

Question 23

tradename for thiabendazole

Answer 23

tresaderm (antifungal)

Question 24

what is otodectes cynotis?

Answer 24

ear mite

Question 25

trade name for milbemycin oxime?

Answer 25

milbemite

Question 26

trade name for miconazole?

Answer 26

conofite

Question 27

trade name for nystatin?

Answer 27

panalog | dermagen

Question 28

why is epi-otic used?

Answer 28

ear cleaner- controls odor

Question 29

why would DMSO be added to a drug?

Answer 29

enhances absorption

Question 30

why would topical drying agents like vetmark ear powder be used?

Answer 30

moisture- treats certain infections due to excessive moisture

Question 31

onset/duration of miotics? what kind of drug is it??

Answer 31

30 minutes. 4-6 hours. cholinergic

Question 32

type of miotics

Answer 32

pilocarpine

Question 33

5 mydriatic & cycloplegic agents

Answer 33

``` atropine homatropine phenylephrine tropicamide epinephrine ```

Question 34

atropine is used for

Answer 34

treatment of anterior uveal tract and KCS & aid in exam of retina

Question 35

side effects of atropine and homatropine

Answer 35

dry mouth, decreased tear production

Question 36

gentamicin sulfate is commonly combined with

Answer 36

betamethosone

Question 37

use___ for dx of horners syndrome

Answer 37

phenylephrine | epinephrine

Question 38

prostaglandins reduce intraocular pressure by

Answer 38

increasing outflow of aqueous humor

Question 39

neomyin sulfate trade names

Answer 39

tresaderm, panalog

Question 40

2 topical antiparasitic drugs used often

Answer 40

thiabendazole (tresaderm) | milbemite

Question 41

miotics

Answer 41

constricts pupils