Antimicrobial Drugs

Question 1

Broad spectrum vs narrow spectrum

Answer 1

Broad + AND - bacteria

Narrow + OR - bacteria

Question 2

What occurs when bacteria change in some way to reduce or eliminate the effectiveness of the agent used to treat or prevent the infection

Answer 2

antibiotic resistance

Question 3

residue

Answer 3

residual drug leftover in tissue

Question 4

Beta-Lactamase? AKA

Answer 4

enzyme that breaks down beta-lactame rings

Question 5

A penicillin that is beta-lactame resistant?

Answer 5

Oxacillin

Question 6

How is penicillin G administered? Pen V?

Answer 6

pen g- IV

pen v- orally

Question 7

What molecular structure is found in penicillin that allows for the interference with bacteria cell wall synthesis?

Answer 7

beta-lactame ring

Question 8

Animate vs inanimate?

Answer 8

animate- alive

inanimate- not alive

Question 9

antiseptic vs disinfectant

Answer 9

antiseptic-on living tissue

disinfectant-on nonliving tissue

Question 10

Name a drug that is antidiarrheal/antibiotic/antiprotozoal

Answer 10

Metronidazole (Flagyl)

Question 11

what is Metronidazole (flagyl) used to treat?

Answer 11

canine diarrhea

Question 12

Difference between 1st and 3rd generation cephalosporin

Answer 12

first- can be inactivated by penicillinase
third- resistant to penicillinase.
more gram negative. effective against gram posiive

Question 13

Cefazolin is found in which generation of cephalosporin?

Answer 13

first generation

Question 14

Simplecef is found in which generation of cephalosporins?

Answer 14

third generation

Question 15

Regarding sulfonamides, what is a primary side effect?

Answer 15

crystalluria

Question 16

To prevent crystalluria while on sulfonamide, what should you inform owner?

Answer 16

pet should drink more water

Question 17

Why would a dog be placed on a tetracycline drug?

Answer 17

rickettsial agent (lyme, lepto, rocky mountain spotted fever, toxoplasmosis)

Question 18

Name a tetracycline drug

Answer 18

doxycycline

Question 19

why should tetracycline be avoided in growing animals and pregnant animals?

Answer 19

binds to calcium. decreases bone development and yellows teeth. Although, benefits outweigh side effects with growing dogs.

Question 20

what lincosamide will be prescribed to a cat for a routine dental and extraction of two molars

Answer 20

clindamysin

Question 21

Griseofulvin is used to treat?

Answer 21

dermatophytes (ringworm)

Question 22

Griseofulvin should always be given with what type of meal?

Answer 22

fatty meal

Question 23

tx of meningitis w/ V/D. urine orange/red. what drug?

Answer 23

Rifamycin (Rifampin)

Question 24

A potentiated drug means..

Answer 24

combined drugs to enhance their effects

Question 25

Example of a potentiated drug

Answer 25

Clavamox (amoxicillin with clavanic acid)