Operational Knowledge

Question 1

Speed Definitons

Vmca

Answer 1

Min Control Speed, air

• Critical engine inoperative
• Live engine at T/O power
• Landing gear retracted
• Max 5 to the live
• Prop feathered (only for auto feather A/C)

Question 2

Speed Definitons

Vmcg

Answer 2

Minimum Control Speed, ground

• Critical engine inoperative
• Live engine at take-off power

Question 3

Speed Definitons

Vsse

Answer 3

The speed below which intentional simulated engine failures should not be conducted. VSSE is a manufacturer-stated speed intended to provide a margin above VMCA.

Question 4

Speed Definitons

Vyse

Answer 4

Single Engine Best Rate of Climb Speed

• Critical engine inoperative
• Live engine at take-off power
• Landing gear retracted

Question 5

Comms Failure

If VFR in Class G Airspace:

Answer 5

a. Remain in VMC.
b. Broadcast Intentions (prefix “TRANSMITTING BLIND”).
c. Remain VFR in Class G airspace and land at the nearest suitable
aerodrome.
d. Report arrival to ATS if on SARTIME or reporting schedules

Question 6

Comms Failure

If in Controlled/Restricted Airspace or IFR in any airspace:

Answer 6

a. Squawk 7600
b. Listen out on ATIS and/or voice modulated NAVAIDs.
c. Transmit intentions and make normal position reports (assume
transmitter is operating and prefix calls with “TRANSMITTING BLIND”)

Question 7

Comms Failure

If in Controlled/Restricted Airspace or IFR in any airspace

AND if in VMC and are certain of maintaining VMC:

Answer 7

d. Stay in VMC and land at the most suitable aerodrome (note special
procedures if proceeding to a Class D).

Question 8

Comms Failure

If in Controlled/Restricted Airspace or IFR in any airspace

OR If in IMC or are uncertain of maintaining VMC

Answer 8

e. If no clearance limit received and acknowledged, proceed in accordance
with the latest ATC route clearance acknowledged and climb to planned
level.
f. If a clearance limit involving an altitude or route restriction has been
received and acknowledged:
i. maintain last assigned level, or MSA if higher, for three minutes
and/or
ii. hold at nominated location for three minutes, then
iii. proceed in accordance with the latest ATC route clearance
acknowledged and climb to planned level.
g. If receiving an ATS surveillance service:
i. climb to MSA/LSALT, and,
ii. if being vectored, maintain last assigned vector for two minutes,
then
iii. proceed in accordance with the latest ATC route clearance
acknowledged.
h. If holding:
i. fly one more complete holding pattern, then
ii. proceed in accordance with the latest ATC route clearance
acknowledged.

Question 9

Comms Failure

Destination Procedures:

Answer 9

a. Track to the destination in accordance with flight plan (amended by the
latest ATC clearance acknowledged, if applicable).
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b. Commence descent in accordance with standard operating procedures or flight plan.
c. Descend to the initial approach altitude for the most suitable approach aid in accordance with the published procedures.
d. Carry out the approach to the prescribed circling minima.

Question 10

Comms Failure

Actions at Minima

Answer 10

a. If visual at circling minima, circle to land. However, at a controlled
aerodrome if in receipt of directed aerodrome information and/or a landing clearance (e.g. a green light or voice modulated navigation aid, etc.) the pilot may continue a runway approach.
b. If not visual at circling minima, depart for a suitable alternate aerodrome. However, if in receipt of directed aerodrome information indicating that a runway approach is available and the runway is available for landing, the pilot may continue descent to the appropriate minima and, if visual, land; otherwise, depart for a suitable alternate aerodrome.
c. If insufficient fuel is carried to divert to a suitable alternate, the pilot may hold or carry out additional approaches until visual.

Question 11

Navigation Requirements Under the IFR

An aircraft operating under the IFR must be navigated by:

Answer 11

a. an approved area navigation system that meets performance
requirements of the intended airspace or route; or
b. use of a radio navigation system or systems where, after making
allowance for tracking errors of ± 9° from the last positive fix, the aircraft will come within the rated coverage of a radio aid which can be used as a fix. The maximum time interval between fixes must not exceed two hours; or
c. visual reference to the ground or water by day, on route segments where suitable enroute radio navigation aids are not available, provided that weather conditions permit flight in VMC and the visual position fixing requirements of AIP

Question 12

Deviations in CTA:

1. NDB
2. VOR
3. RNAV/RNP
4. DME
5. VISUAL

Answer 12

1. 5°
2. Half-scale deflection
3. Navigation error plus Flight Technical Error exceeded
4. 2 NM
5. 1 NM

Question 13

VMC
Class G
Class E
Class D

Answer 13

Vis 5000M
Vis 8KM (ABV 10,000)
1500M H from cloud
1000FT V from Cloud

Question 14

VMC

Class D

Answer 14

Vis 5000M
1600M H from cloud
1000FT V from Cloud
500 ft AGL

Question 15

Transponder codes

Answer 15

• VFR in Class E or OCTA 1200
• IFR OCTA 2000
• IFR in Class E or civil flights in CTA 3000

Question 16

Take-off Minima for Other IFR Aeroplanes

Answer 16

Cloud not more than SCT below 300 feet AGL

Visibility of not less than 2000 metres

*Qualifying multi-engine IFR aeroplanes are permitted a ceiling of zero feet and a visibility of 550M under certain conditions. The following aircraft requirements apply:
▪ 2 pilot operated; or
▪ single pilot jet; or
single pilot propeller with operative auto-feather.

Question 17

Altimeter Checks

Answer 17

With an accurate QNH set, the altimeter(s) should read the nominated elevation to within 60FT. If an altimeter has an error in excess of ± 75FT, the altimeter must be considered unserviceable.
When two altimeters are required for the category of operation, one of the altimeters must read the nominated elevation to within 60 ft. When the remaining altimeter has an error between 60 ft and 75 ft, flight under the IFR to the first point of landing, where the accuracy of the altimeter can be re-checked, is approved. In the event that the altimeter shows an error in excess of 60 ft on the second check, the altimeter must be considered unserviceable for flight under the IFR.
An aircraft fitted with two altimeters but requiring only one for the category of operation may continue to operate under the IFR provided one altimeter reads the nominated elevation to within 60 ft. Should the remaining altimeter have an error in excess of 75 ft that altimeter must be placarded unserviceable and the maintenance release appropriately endorsed.
When an aircraft is fitted with only one altimeter and that altimeter has an error between 60 ft and 75 ft, flight under the IFR to the first point of landing, where the accuracy of the altimeter can be re-checked, is approved. In the event that the
Page 21 of 36 25 Sept 16
altimeter shows an error in excess of 60 ft on the second check the altimeter is to be considered unserviceable for flight under the IFR.

Question 18

Local QNH, Area QNH and Transition Layers

For all operations at or below the Transition Altitude (in the Altimeter Setting Region), the altimeter reference setting will be:

Answer 18

a. the current Local QNH of a station along the route within 100NM of the aircraft; or
b. the current Area Forecast QNH if the current Local QNH is not known.

Question 19

VHF Theoretical Range

Answer 19

Range (nm) = √1.25 × altitude in feet