Operation Of The Endocrine System Flashcards
Comprised of hormone producing glands and tissues of the body.
Endocrine System
Controls the endocrine hormone system(as well as the atomic nervous system. Maintains the body’s internal environment.
Hypothalamus
The maintaining of a constant internal environment by reacting to stimuli. Reactions can be carried out by any system in the body.
Homeostasis
The network of nerve cells and fibres that transmits nerve impulses between parts of the body.
Nervous System
Chemicals that are released into the blood to cause cells to carry out an action. Known as Chemical Messengers.
Hormones
- Pituitary
- Thyroid
- Parathyroid
- Pineal
- Thymus
- Adrenal
- Testicles
- Ovaries
- Pancreas
The endocrine glands
Glands that DO NOT have ducts. Hormones are dumped directly into the blood stream for transport to target cells.
Endocrine
Duct System. Produce chemicals which travel to target organs through channels or ducts. I.e. Sweat glands, tear glands, salivary glands, mammory glands that secrete substances such as sweat, saliva, tears, milk, or digestive enzymes.
Exocrine
Organs that contain receptors for a particular hormone.
Target Organ
Hormones manufactured from a fatty substance called cholesterol. These are “fat soluble”. -> Able to pass through the cell membrane of cells.
Ex: cortisol, progesterone, testosterone.
Steroid hormones
Hormones composed of proteins, peptides, or amino acids. These hormones are NOT fat soluble. They are unable to enter cells because they are not soluble in the cell membrane.
Non-Steroid hormones
These are hormones that work against each other or have opposite effects on the body.
Ex: Insulin and Glucagon,
Parathyroid Hormone and Calcitonin
Antagonistic Hormones
These are hormones that regulate the hormone production of many other glands.
Ex: Thyroid Stimulating hormone, ACTH
Tropic Hormones
