Operation Of Systems Flashcards
How does a constant speed propeller differ on a multi engine versus a single engine?
The constant-speed propellers on almost all single-engine airplanes are of the non-feathering, oil-pressure-to-increase-pitch design. Increased oil pressure from the propeller governor drives the blade angle towards high pitch, low rpm.
The constant-speed propellers installed on most multiengine airplanes are full feathering, counterweighted, oil-pressure-to-decrease-pitch designs. In this design, increased oil pressure from the propeller governor drives the blade angle toward low pitch, high rpm—away from the feather blade angle. In effect, the only thing that keeps these propellers from feathering is a constant supply of high-pressure engine oil.
Why do full feathering constant speed propellers have counterweights?
Aerodynamic forces acting upon a windmilling propeller tend to drive the blades to low pitch, high rpm. Counterweights attached to the shank of each blade tend to force the blades to high pitch, low rpm. Inertia, or the apparent force (called centrifugal force) acting through the counterweights, is generally slightly greater than the aerodynamic forces. Therefore, centrifugal force would drive the blades to high pitch and low rpm were it not for an additional force acting through the propeller governor.
What is an unfeathering accumulator?
An unfeathering accumulator is a device that permits starting a feathered engine in-flight without the use of the electric starter. An accumulator is any device that stores a reserve of high pressure. On multiengine airplanes, the unfeathering accumulator stores a small reserve of engine oil under pressure from compressed air or nitrogen.
How does an unfeathering accumulator work?
To start a feathered engine in-flight, the pilot moves the propeller control out of the feather position to release the accumulator pressure. The oil flows under pressure to the propeller hub and drives the blades toward the high rpm, low pitch position, whereupon the propeller usually begins to windmill. If fuel and ignition are present, the engine starts and runs. High oil pressure from the propeller governor recharges the accumulator just moments after engine rotation begins making it available for another unfeathering cycle, if needed.
What is a combustion heater?
A combustion heater is best described as a small furnace that burns gasoline to produce heated air for occupant comfort and windshield defogging. Most are thermostatically operated and have a separate hour meter to record time in service for maintenance purposes.
How are the control surfaces operated?
The control surfaces are bearing supported and operated through conventional cable systems and push-pull rods terminating in bell cranks
What is the control column?
The airplane is equipped with dual control columns for the pilot and copilot. The control wheels are interconnected and provide aileron and elevator control.
What are the ways you can adjust trim in the airplane?
Manual Elevator Trim - actuated by a hand wheel located between the pilot seats
Electric Elevator Trim - controlled by the ON-OFF circuit breaker type switch located on the left sub panel and a thumb switch located on the pilots control wheel.
The Trim tabs and controls are connected through closed cable systems.
Describe Aileron trim.
Located on the lower center console, provided to displace the ailerons for trimming purposes, displacement is maintained by cable loads imposed by the trimmer.
What is the minimum wing tip turning radius on the ground?
27 feet 2 inches, accomplished by using full steering, one brake, and differential power
How are the wing flaps controlled?
A three position switch, UP, OFF, and DOWN. Must be pulled out of detent before it can be used.
What is the type and material for the landing gear system?
A retractable tricycle landing gear fabricated from magnesium coatings and aluminum forgings.
What are the hydraulic components of the landing gear system?
Hydraulic Pump
Actuators
Reservoir
Lines
Control Valves
Pressure Switches and Relief Valves
Gear postion sensors
Which directions can the landing gear be manually moved?
It can only be lowered manually in the event of a failure.
What micro switches enable the warning horn to sound?
If either or both throttles are retarded below an engine setting sufficient to sustain flight and the landing gear is retracted
If the flaps are extended beyond approximately 16, the landing gear warning horn will sound.
If the gear up position is selected when on the ground
