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biopsych final exam > operant conditioning > Flashcards

operant conditioning Flashcards

1
Q

what is operant conditioning ?

A

learn based on consequences to behavior

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2
Q

what does reinforcement do ?

A

INCREASES the frequency of a behavior

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3
Q

what does punishment do ?

A

DECREASES the frequency of a behavior

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4
Q

what does positive mean ?

A

adding something

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5
Q

what does negative mean ?

A

taking away something

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6
Q

positive reinforcement ?

A

outcome is presented after the desired behavior to increase the behavior (extra tv time)

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7
Q

negative reinforcement ?

A

removal of something unwanted to increase the behavior (no chores after doing hw)

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8
Q

positive punishment ?

A

adding something unwanted to reduce the behavior (seatbelt beeping)

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9
Q

negative punishment ?

A

taking something favorable away to decrease a behavior (taking away a toy)

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10
Q

what is a primary reinforcer ?

A

something that is inherently rewarding (food, entertainment)

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11
Q

what is a secondary reinforcer ?

A

something that is learned to be rewarding (applause, money)

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12
Q

who is the person associated with operant conditioning ?

A

b.f. skinner

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13
Q

what was the skinner box ?

A

controlled environment for an animal, reinforcement or punishment was used to have animals learn a behavior (press lever for food)

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14
Q

what are the 4 schedules of reinforcement ?

A

fixed ratio, fixed interval, variable ratio, variable interval

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15
Q

what is the weakest schedule of reinforcement ?

A

fixed interval

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16
Q

what is the strongest schedule of reinforcement ?

A

variable ratio

17
Q

what is fixed ratio ?

A

reinforcement happens after a certain number of times

18
Q

what is fixed interval ?

A

reinforcement after a specified amount of time

19
Q

what is variable ratio ?

A

reinforcement after a random number of responses

20
Q

what is variable interval ?

A

reinforcement after a random amount of time

21
Q

fixed = ?

A

specific

22
Q

variable = ?

A

random

23
Q

what is the process of conditioning a target behavior that reinforces behaviors that come closer and closer to the target behavior ?

A

shaping

24
Q

what are the two brain regions important for operant conditioning ?

A

nucleus accumbens (reward processing) and basal ganglia (getting behaviors toward the reward)

biopsych final exam (12 decks)

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