operant conditioning Flashcards
learning through the association of behaviour and its consequences (reinforcement or punishment).
operant conditioning.
a pleasurable event that follows a response and increase the likelihood that the rsponse will be repeated.
reinforcement
a positive consequence that follows a behaviour.
positive reinforcement.
the removal of an unpleasant stimulus that follows a behavior.
negative reinforcement.
doesn’t depend on leaning, fulfils the basic physical need such (food, water).
primary reinforcement.
learned by association by other reinforcers.
secondary reinforcer.
administered every time the behavior or desired response occurs quickly.
continuous reinforcement
administered every time the behaviour or desired response occurs. response acquired quickly.
continuous reinforcement.
reinforcement in which only response are reinforced than all. exinction resistant.
partial reinforcement.
symmetric programs for administering reinforcement that have predictable effect of behavior.
schedules of reinforcement.
a schedule in which a reinforcer is administered after a fixed number of non reinforced correct response.
fixed-ratio schedule.
a schedule in which reinforce is administered on the basis average ratio after a varying number of non reinforced correct responses.
variable ratio schedule.
a schedule in which a reinforcer is administered following the first correct response after a fixed period of time has elapsed.
fixed interval schedule
REINFORCEMENT in which only some responses are reinforced rather than all. extinction resistant.
partial reinforcement.
a schedule in which a reinforcer is administered on the basis of an average time after the first correct response following a varying time of non reinforcement
variable interval schedule.
gradually reinforcing a desired behaviour by reinforcing responsethat become progressively closer to the desired responses
shaping.
a series of gradual training steps with each step becoming more like the final desired response.
successive approximations.
a stimulus that signals whether a certain response or behavior is likely to be follow a reward or punishment.
discriminative stimulus.
the weakening and eventual disappearance of a learned response that occurs when reinforcers are withheld.
extinction.
learning to respond to stimuli that are similar to the stimulus that was originally reinforced.
Generelization.
learning to distinguish between a stimuli that has been reinforced and another stimuli that may be very similar
discrimination.
How many factors does influence the operant conditioning
3
factors that influence operant conditioning.
the magnitude of reinforcement, the immediacy of reinforcement, and the level of motivation.
The removal of a pleasant stimulus or the application of unpleasant stimulus.
punishment’s.
A negative consequence that follows a behaviour.
Positive Punishment.
The removal of a pleasant stimulus that follows a behaviour.
negative punishment.
how many factors that effect punishment.
3 (Timing-Intensity-Consistency)
punishment applied during the misbehavior or soon afterward possibe.
timing.
the more intense the punishment the greater suppression undesirable nehaviour.
intensity.
punish behavior every time it occurs if not it will only increase and maintain the behaviour
consistancy
