OOP Flashcards
initiated the Java language project in June 1991
James Gosling, Mike Sheridan, and Patrick Naughton
Java two types of programs
applications and applets
Data types
Integer (Numbers)
String (Words, Letters)
Float (Decimals (6-7))
Character (Specific Character)
Double (Decimals (15))
Boolean (True or False)
helpful to take aclassor all classes visible for a program specified under apackage, with the help of a single statement
Importstatement
By using this, we can access data members or member functions of a class directly without the use of a fully-qualified name.
static import statements
tells the compiler the path of a class or the entire package.
import statement
This method tells the compiler that the class is defined under a particular package, and we want to use that class or classes in our program.
Fully-qualified Name
a block of code that, when called, performs specific actions mentioned in it.
method
It is used to define the access type of the method.
Access Specifier
Public: You can access it from any class
Private: You can access it within the class where it is defined
Protected: Accessible only in the same package or other subclasses in another package
specifier used by the Java compiler if we don’t mention any other specifiers. It is accessible only from the package where it is declared
Default
It is used to give a unique name to the method.
Method name
It is a list of arguments (data type and variable name) that will be used in the method.
Parameter list
This is the set of instructions enclosed within curly brackets that the method will perform.
Method body
It defines the return type of the method
ReturnType
The first device known to carry out calculations.
Abacus
French philosopher and mathematician who invented the calculating device called the Pascaline.
Blaise Pascal
English mathematician and physical scientist, designed two calculating machines—the difference engine and the analytical engine.
Charles Babbage
The first computer-like machine.
Mark I
Built at the University of Pennsylvania. It contained 18,000 vacuum tubes and weighed some 30 tons.
ENIAC
(Electronic Numerical
Integrator and Calculator)
Built and sold to the U.S. Census Bureau.
UNIVAC
(Universal Automatic Computer)
Two early programming languages.
FORTRAN and COBOL
IBM introduced it in the year 1981.
PC
(Personal Computer)
Designed and built the first Apple computer in their garage.
Stephen Wozniak and Steven Jobs
Most handheld device has its GPS to locate locations.
GPS
(Global Positioning Satellites)
is an electronic device capable of performing commands.
computer
two main components of a computer system
hardware and software
the ‘‘brain’’ of the computer and the single most expensive piece of hardware in a computer.
The central processing unit (CPU) i
connected directly to the CPU
(RAM)
consists of programs written to perform specific tasks.
Software
two types of programs
System programs and application programs.
The system program that loads first when you turn on your PC is called
operating system
perform specific tasks.
Application programs
There are two types of electrical signals:
analog and digital
continuous waveforms used to represent things, such as sound.
Analog signals
represent information with a sequence of 0s and 1s.
Digital signals
The digit 0 or 1 is called
binary digit, or bit.
A program that translates a program written in assembly language into an equivalent program in machine language.
Assembler
