Oogenesis And Spermatogenesis

Question 1

What cells do LH and FSH act on in the follicle and what do they cause the production of?

Answer 1

LH -> Theca cells
Theca cells will make androgens

FSH -> granulosa
Converts androgens to estrogen (aromatase)

Question 2

What is meant by the term primary oocyte?

What is the first follicle that is no longer a primary oocyte? What is this follicle frozen in?

Answer 2

Still has not finished meiosis I (still frozen in prophase I)

Graafian follicle (metaphase II)

Question 3

What days is the luteal phase typically?

Answer 3

15-28

Question 4

Which layer of the endometrium is shed in menstruation?

Answer 4

Stratum functionalis

Question 5

When does a Type A cell become a primary spermatocyte?

Answer 5

When it moves from the basal to the adluminal compartment

Question 6

What is a spermatid?

What is a spermatozoa?

Answer 6

After the primary spermatocyte has undergone meiosis fully.

Spermatid maturing (via spermiogenesis) to a spermatozoa

Question 7

What is the difference in XX and XY in terms of colonisation of the gonadal ridge?

Answer 7

XX - cortex

XY - medulla (SRY gene)

Question 8

In a cross section of a seminiferous tubule what’s can be said about cells at similar matuartion stages?

Answer 8

Tend to appear in groups with Sam maturation stages

Question 9

Define spermatohenic cycle?

What is the name given to the representation of the spermatogenic cycle in physical space?

Answer 9

Time taken for the reappearance of the same stage of maturation within a segment of of a tubule

Usually around 16 days

Spermatogenic wave

Question 10

How do spermatids move down the tube to the epididymis if they are non-motile?

Answer 10

Serotoli cell secretions

Peristaltic contractions

Question 11

What are the order in which secretions form the glands are secreted in the lumen?

Answer 11

Seminal vehicle
Prostate
Bulbourethral
Periurethral

Question 12

Which accessory gland mainly releases zinc and PSA?

Which one forms most of the secrtion? What are some of the things in these secretions?

What do the bulbourethral glands release?

Answer 12

Prostate

Seminal vesicles

AAs citrate fructose Prostaglands

Mucoproteins - help lubricate and neutralise acidic urine in the distal urethra

Question 13

What are the cells directly surround the oocyte called?

Answer 13

Cumulus oophorus

Question 14

How does LH surge cause ovulation?

Answer 14

INcresaed collagenase activation
Prostaglandins
- Increase permeability causing antrum to get pigger
- Local contractions in ovarian wall free oocyte from ovary