Online Exam 8 (Soft Tissue, Burns, Kinematics) Flashcards
The term for the forces that act upon a person’s body to cause injury is:
force of energy
mechanism of injury
kinematics of injury
potential injury
mechanism of injury
The EMT-B should consider any fall in excess of ____ feet as significant.
9
standing
10
15
15
Newton’s second law says:
Objects in motion will come to rest and then stay at rest
Force equals mass times acceleration
For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction
Objects at rest tend to stay at rest, and objects in motion tend to stay in motion unless acted upon by some force.
Force equals mass times acceleration
Newton’s third law says:
Objects at rest tend to stay at rest, and objects in motion tend to stay in motion unless acted upon by some force.
Objects in motion will come to rest and then stay at rest
For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction
Force equals mass times acceleration
For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction
Use of a shoulder harness without a lap belt can result in:
whiplash injuries
submarining injuries
upper extremity injuries
thoracic displacement
submarining injuries
Which of the following collisions is most likely to produce the greatest amount of kinetic energy?
A pickup truck traveling 25 mph
A mid-sized car traveling 50 mph
A large sedan traveling 35 mph
A compact car traveling 70 mph
A compact car traveling 70 mph
A good rule to use when evaluating the significance of a pediatric fall is to use the guide:
falls greater than 4 times the child’s height are significant
falls greater than 3 times the child’s height are significant
falls greater than 5 times the child’s height are significant
falls greater than 2 times the child’s height are significant
falls greater than 3 times the child’s height are significant
A calcaneous fracture in a patient suffering from a long fall with a landing on their feet is likely to produce:
a dislocated hip
lumbar spine injuries
patellar injuries
bilateral forearm fractures
lumbar spine injuries
In the pulmonary circulatory system, deoxygenated blood leaves the heart and travels to the lungs via the:
superior vena cava
pulmonary artery
pulmonary vein
aorta
pulmonary artery
What type of bleeding often clots spontaneously?
lymphatic
venous
arterial
capillary
capillary
Which is the best device to use as a tourniquet?
belt
wire
blood pressure cuff
bandage 1-inch wide and 8 layers thick
blood pressure cuff
Suspicion of internal bleeding should NOT be based on:
clinical signs and symptoms
hypertension
hypotension
mechanism of injury
hypertension
Which of the following is a guideline for the use of tourniquets?
A narrow tourniquet is more effective than a wide one
Apply and release a tourniquet every 15 min. if your transport time is longer than 60 min
Apply tourniquets over the joint most proximal to the amputation
Never cover a tourniquet with a bandage or clothing
Never cover a tourniquet with a bandage or clothing
Which of the following signs or symptoms can be a late indicator of shock?
restlessness
nausea, vomiting
decreased thirst
labored, irregular breathing
labored, irregular breathing
Which of the following signs or symptoms shows changes early in the hypoperfused patient?
agitation
cyanosis
falling blood pressure
dilated pupils
falling blood pressure
A sudden reaction of the nervous system leading to syncope is known as:
septic shock
pyschogenic shock
metabolic shock
hypovolemic shock
pyschogenic shock
The last stage of shock is called:
fatal shock
irreversible shock
decompensated shock
irreversible shock
irreversible shock
A 10-year-old child has fallen 12 feet from a tree. On exam he is noted to have multiple abrasions and contusions in several areas. He has a deformity of the right forearm and denies having pain in the neck or back. His vital signs are as follows: pulse of 132/min, strong and regular; respirations of 28/min with mild dyspnea; and blood pressure of 110/68 mm Hg. He has been treated with oxygen and covered with a blanket. Additional interventions for shock would include:
elevating his lower extremities
offering him sips of water to calm him down
assessing and recording vital signs every 15 minutes
applying pediatric PASG to improve perfusion
elevating his lower extremities
You are called to the home of a 6-year-old male patient with a decreased level of consciousness. The parents report that the child had a decreased appetite and fever beginning 2 days ago controlled with acetaminophen. Last night he was feeling better but complained of weakness in his left lower leg. This morning he was difficult to arouse and slept most of the day. His vital signs are as follows: pulse of 102/min, weak and thready; respirations of 18/min, shallow and labored; and blood pressure of 88/40 mm Hg. You suspect this child has what type of shock?
cardiogenic
septic
hemorrhagic
neurogenic
septic
A young woman has a complete avulsion injury to her scalp. Your treatment should be to:
cover the wound with a moist, sterile dressing
apply an elastic bandage that encircles the woman’s jaw
wash the wound before bandaging
wrap the avulsed tissue in sterile gauze and bring it with you to the emergency department.
wrap the avulsed tissue in sterile gauze and bring it with you to the emergency department.
A 36-year-old unrestrained driver involved in a motor vehicle crash is complaining of sternal chest pain. Your scene size-up reveals a bent steering wheel and no airbag. On exam you notice an anxious man with an intact but tender rib cage and no other indications of internal or external bleeding. His vital signs are as follows: pulse of 88/min, weak and thready; respirations of 32/min, shallow with guarded respirations; and blood pressure of 92/68 mm Hg. Cyanosis is noted in his lips and fingers. You suspect this patient is experiencing what type of shock?
anaphylactic
cardiogenic
respiratory
metabolic
cardiogenic
Organs are protruding from your patient’s abdominal wound. The organs should be:
left alone
removed as needed
wrapped in aluminum foil
placed back inside
left alone
A teenage boy who was involved in a bicycle accident has a puncture wound in which the bicycle kickstand is impaled in his leg. When preparing the patient for transport, you should:
cut the kickstand off just above the skin, and stabilize it with a moist, sterile dressing
remove the kickstand by withdrawing it in a circular motion, and apply a dry, sterile dressing
unbolt the kickstand from the bike frame and stabilize it with bulky dressings
leave the kickstand attached to the bike until the physician can remove it safely
unbolt the kickstand from the bike frame and stabilize it with bulky dressings
A 42-year-old man has his arm trapped in a printing press. The extrication time to remove his arm is 35 minutes. His arm has had decreased circulation during that time. When the arm is freed, your assessment reveals some superficial abrasions and significant swelling of the arm. The bones appear intact. This patient has probably sustained what type of injury?
extremity evisceration
compartment syndrome
expanding contusion
hematoma with ecchymosis
compartment syndrome
Which of the following are NOT important in the management of gun shot wounds?
Determine the distance the shooter was from the victim
Make an attempt to determine the type of weapon
Inquire from bystanders how many shots were fired
Document carefully the circumstances of the shooting
Document carefully the circumstances of the shooting
Assessment for injuries should follow the DCAP-BTLS method. The “C” stands for:
capillary refill
clammy
contusion
cyanosis
contusion
