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ABSITE > Oncology > Flashcards

Oncology Flashcards

1
Q

Melanoma in situ margins

A

5 mm

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2
Q

Melanoma depth of invasion < 1mm margins

A

1 cm

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3
Q

Melanoma depth of invasion 1-2 mm margins

A

1-2 cm

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4
Q

Melanoma depth of invasion > 2mm margins

A

2cm

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5
Q

When do you need sentinel lymph node for melanoma?

A

Depth of invasion >0.8 mm

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6
Q

What malignant colon polyps need oncologist resection?

A

< 2mm margins
Histologic features: + LVI, poor differentiation, tumor budding
Incomplete or piecemeal resection, or inability to assess margins
Sessile polyps with SM3 invasion or > 1 mm submucosal invasion
Haggit 4 lesions

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7
Q

Components of the Nigra protocol

A

5-FU and mitomycin

30 Gy radiation over 3 weeks

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8
Q

RET proto-oncogene

A

MEN2

Familial medullary thyroid cancer

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9
Q

PPAR gamma/ PAX 8

A

Follicular thyroid cancer

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10
Q

BRAF

A

Papillary thyroid cancer

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11
Q

P53 tumor suppressor gene

A

Anaplastic thyroid cancer
Small cell lung cancer
Li-Fraumeni syndrome

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12
Q

Li-Fraumeni syndrome

A 
Childhood sarcomas
Breast cancer 
Leukemia 
Brain tumors
Adrenal tumors
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13
Q

C-myc

A

Burkitt lymphoma

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14
Q

N-myc

A

Neuroblastoma

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15
Q

CDK/MC1R

A

Melanoma

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16
Q

APC gene

A

FAP

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17
Q

KRAS

A

Adenocarcinomas (lung, colon, pancreas)

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18
Q

MSH1/MSH2

A

Lynch syndrome/HNPCC

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19
Q

CDH1-cadherin 1

A

Hereditary gastric cancer

Invasive lobular breast cancer

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20
Q

EML4-ALK tyrosine kinase

A

Non-small cell lung cancer

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21
Q

BCR/ABL

A

CML

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22
Q

Loss of WT1/WT2

A

Wilms tumor

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23
Q

What chromosome is WT1/WT2 on?

A

Chromosome 11

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24
Q

BRCA1

A

ovarian cancer, triple negative breast cancers

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25
Q

What chromosome is BRCA1 on?

A

Chromosome 17

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26
Q

BRCA2

A

Breast, ovarian, pancreas, prostate, melanoma, male breast cancer

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27
Q

What chromosome is BRCA2 on?

A

Chromosome 13

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28
Q

PTEN

A

Cowden syndrome

29
Q

Cowden syndrome

A

GI hamartomas, endothelial cancer, breast cancer, oral papillomas

30
Q

SMAD4, BMPR1A

A

Juvenile polyposis syndrome

31
Q

STK11

A

Peutz-Jeghers syndrome

32
Q

Treatment for stage I and II NSCLC

A

Lobectomy, mediastinal node dissection

33
Q

What NSCLC gets neoadjuvant chemotherapy?

A

Stage IIIa disease (any T4 tumor, T3 tumors with N1 nodes, any N2 tumor
Stage IIIb usually does not undergo surgery

34
Q

Stage III NSCLC

A

Nodes in single digit stations

35
Q

Superior mediastinal nodes

A

1: highest mediastinal
2: upper paratracheal
3: pre-vascular and retrotracheal
4: lower paratracheal (including Azygos nodes)

36
Q

Aortic nodes

A

5: subaortic (A-P window
6: para-aortic (ascending aorta or phrenic)

37
Q

Inferior mediastinal nodes

A

7: subcarinal
8: paraesophageal (below carina)
9: pulmonary ligament

38
Q

N1 nodes

A

10: hilar
11: interlobar
12: lobar
13: segmental
14: subsegmental

39
Q

Stage I NSCLC treatment

A

Surgery

40
Q

Stage II NSCLC treatment

A

Surgery

41
Q

Stage IIIa NSCLC treatment

A

Chemotherapy followed by radiation or surgery

42
Q

Stage IIIb NSCLC treatment

A

Combination chemo and radiation

43
Q

Stage IV NSCLC treatment

A

Chemotherapy and/or palliative care

44
Q

Who gets surgery for small cell lung cancer?

A

Tumor <5cm
No nodal metastasis
No metastatic disease
(Only T1-2N0M0)

45
Q

Ovarian type stoma indicates what type of pancreatic lesion?

A

Mucinous cystic neoplasm

46
Q

Fish mouth or patulous papilla?

A

Main duct IPMN

47
Q

T1a gastric cancer

A

Invades lamina propecia, muscularis mucosa

48
Q

T1b gastric cancer

A

Invades submucosa but not muscularis propria

49
Q

T2 gastric cancer

A

Invades muscularis propria

50
Q

T3 gastric cancer

A

Penetrates subserosal connective tissue without invasion of visceral peritoneum

51
Q

T4 gastric cancer

A

Invades visceral peritoneum (T4a)

Invades adjacent organ structures (T4b)

52
Q

N1 gastric cancer

A

1-2 nodes

53
Q

N2 gastric cancer

A

3-6 nodes

54
Q

N3 gastric cancer

A

7+ nodes

55
Q

Which patients with gastric cancer should undergo laparoscopy peritoneal washings, and cytology?

A

Clinical T3 or clinical N+

56
Q

Which patients with gastric cancer should undergo endoscopic resection?

A

Tis or T1a

57
Q

Procedure for a T1b-T3 adenocarcinoma of the body of the stomach?

A

Total gastrectomy and D2 lymphadenectomy (15 nodes)

RNY esophagojejunostomy

58
Q

Procedure for a T1b-T3 adenocarcinoma of the antrum of the stomach?

A

Subtotal gastrectomy and D2 lymphadenectomy (15 nodes)

Bilroth I or II reconstruction

59
Q

Procedure for a T1b-T3 adenocarcinoma of the cardia of the stomach

A

Depends of Siewart classification

60
Q

Siewart I

A

Tumor center located between 5 and 1 cm proximal to the anatomic cardia
Approached as esophageal or EGJ cancer

61
Q

Siewart II

A

Tumor center located between 1cm proximal and 2cm distal to the anatomic cardia
Approached as esophageal or EGJ cancer

62
Q

Siewart III

A

Tumor center located between 2 and 5 cm distal to the anatomic cardia
Approached as gastric cancer

63
Q

cT4bN1M0 gastric cancer invading the spleen and diaphragm. What treatment should be offered?

A

Total gastrectomy, en bloc splenectomy and diaphragm resection, D2 lymphadenectomy (15 nodes)

64
Q

Who gets neoadjuvant ch6in gastric cancer?

A

Everyone

Can consider surgery first in cT2N0 tumors

65
Q

Neoadjuvant radiation for gastric cancer?

A

No, unless it is gastric cardia and being treated as esophageal

66
Q

Adjuvant radiation for gastric cancer?

A

For R1 resection

67
Q

Who gets adjuvant chemotherapy after R0 resection for gastric cancer?

A

T3 tumors

N+ disease

68
Q

Most common subtype of malignant melanoma

A

Superficial spreading

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