Oncology Flashcards
Risk Factors:
a. Alcohol + tobacco =
This mean?
Risk Factors:
a. Alcohol + tobacco = co-carcinogenic
They make things worse . They make cancer develop more rapidly
carcinogenic
having the potential to cause cancer.
_____________ is the #1 cause of preventable cancer.
Tobacco
Suspected dietary causes of cancer
Low fiber diet - because u don’t have much motility in your intestines so u retain carcinogens longer
Increased red meat
Increased animal fat
Nitrites (processed sandwich meat)
Alcohol
Preservatives and additives
Increased incidence of cancer in the _______________________ *That is why there is a higher incidence of cancer > age ____
Immuno suppressed, 60
The older U get the poorer your immune system
The most important risk factor for cancer=
Aging
Because because Mutation can occur in an old cells, DNA can get messed up and cancer can expose itself. And exposers to environmental toxins
In our body everybody has cancer cell but if u have a good immune system it recognizes them and __them
They why eating healthy is important to build up the __ system to figt infections
Destroy and immune
Diet/exercise habits:
• Cruciferous veggies (broccoli, cauliflower, and cabbage), Vitamin A foods
(colored veggies), and Vitamin C could ___________ risk
- vitamin D
- Regular physical activity
Protect skin from ____and _____
Decreased
Sunlight and tanning booth
African Americans have a ____________________ incidence than Caucasians
Higher
Primary prevention:
ways to prevent actual occurrence (sunscreen and no
smoking)
Secondary prevention:
Using screening to detect cancer early when there is a greater chance for a cure or control
Chronic ________________ brings about uncontrolled growth of abnormal cells.
Irritation
Female:
• Monthly self-breast exam over age________
• ____________ clinical breast exam for women >40 years old
Between ages 20-39 needed every 3 years
• _____________ pelvic exam
• Pap smear: every 3 years if there’s been no problem
• What should you instruct your client not to do prior to a pap smear? __________________, ____________________
Female:
• Monthly self-breast exam over age___20
Should be done on any time from day 7-12. After the period is just about over with . U never want to do it prior to the period because that is when u going have a lot of swelling and tenderness and they will fine get a very good exam like this .
For women going who are post menopause or has had a hysterectomy( they are not going to have a period ) so they should pick a certain day to check every month
• _____Yearly clinical breast exam for women >40 years old
Between ages 20-39 needed every 3 years
- ___Annual pelvic exam
- Pap smear: every 3 years if there’s been no problem
- What should you instruct your client not to do prior to a pap smear? ______sex ___________ douche because they mess with cervical cells
Mammogram: yearly starting at age 40 (2 views of each breast)
Before a mammogram, instruct the client not to have on? ________________
• Colonoscopy: at age 50 then every 10 years after that time.
No lotions, powder, deodorant
Because it can be picked up on a mammogram as a calcium deposit. Cslicum deposit can be viewed as cancer
Male:
• ________________ self-breast exam
• Monthly testicular exam- testicular tumors grow _______________.
• Yearly digital exam and yearly PSA (prostate specific antigen) for men over age 50
• Colonoscopy at age 50 then every 10 years
Male:
• ____monthly self-breast exam
• Monthly testicular exam- testicular tumors grow ____Fast
major age group for testicular cancer is 15-36
• Yearly digital exam and yearly PSA (prostate specific antigen) for men over age 50
• Colonoscopy at age 50 then every 10 years