Oncology

Question 1

Chemotherapy interventions =

Answer 1

Neutropenic precautions
Manage anemia (give blood, epoetin alfa, & iron)
Prevent hemorrhage
Prevent N/V (antiemetics around clock & 24-48hrs after infusion)
Pain relief
Adequate nutrition (tx mucositis)

Question 2

Neutropenic precautions =

Answer 2

Proper hand hygiene
Avoid crowds
No fresh flowers/plants/fruits/veggies
Avoid stagnant water (2hrs)
Limit visitation

Question 3

What is Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL)?

Answer 3

** Most common childhood cancer in USA **

Non-functioning WBCs (lymphoblasts) dominate bone marrow production –> RBC/platelet suppression

Question 4

Treatment for ALL =

three phases

Answer 4

1. ) 4 weeks – induce/start remission
2. ) time varies – strengthen remission & CNS prophylaxis w/intrathecal chemo
3. ) 2-3 years – eliminate left over cancer cells w/intermittent chemo

Question 5

What is Hodgkin’s lymphoma?

Answer 5

Presence of reed-sternberg cells

Starts in lymph nodes and then spread throughout lymph system (usually all above diaphragm)

Question 6

S/S of Hodgkin’s lymphoma =

Answer 6

Swollen, painless, rubbery nodes (above diaphragm), fever, & night sweats

Question 7

What if there is a cough + dyspnea w/Hodgkin’s lymphoma?

Answer 7

Mediastinal mass

Question 8

What is neurofibromatosis?

Answer 8

Abnormalities of skin & CNS r/t nervous system disorder

• TUMOR ON NERVES *

Question 9

S/S of Neurofibromatosis =

Answer 9

Cafe-au-lait (light-brown macules that ↑ in # & pigment)
Pigmented nevi
Axillary freckling
Slow growing neurofibromas (lumps)