Infecton Flashcards
What are the two medications used to manage fever?
Acetaminophen & Ibuprofen
What medication should NEVER be used to manage fever in children & why?
ASA (Aspirin) b/c of increased risk for Reye Syndrome
How should ticks be removed?
Fine-tip tweezers
Grasp as close to skin as possible & pull gently/slowly
Clean w/soap & water
Wash Hands
Keep tick incase illness appears after removal
Humoral Immunity =
B-cells remember certain antigens & secrete antibodies
Cellular Immunity =
T-cells attack antigens that are marked as “bad guys” by the B-cells
MRSA
BACTERIAL
Direct contact/droplets
Abx resistance
Bumpy, red, swollen, painful skin
Scarlet Fever =
BACTERIAL
Strep – strawberry tongue & sandpaper skin
Diphtheria =
BACTERIAL
Oral/nose infx – airway obstruction & suffocation
Pertussis =
BACTERIAL
whooping cough & ↑ secretions
Tetanus (lockjaw) =
BACTERIAL
Muscle contractions & spasms
Botulism =
BACTERIAL
Food-borne – NO HONEY for babies
Osteomyelitis =
BACTERIAL
Bone & soft tissue infx that spread through the blood
Septic Arthritis =
BACTERIAL
joint space infx –> aspirate/abx
Mumps =
VIRAL
Parotid gland swelling & fever
Chicken Pox (varicella) = (VIRAL)
Itchy red macules –> papules –> vesicles –> scab
Measles (rubeola) =
VIRAL
Koplik spots (white cluters), coryza, maculopapular rash; lives on surfaces 1hr spread via droplets
Rubella (German Measles) =
VIRAL
Spreads via aerosol; avoid pregnant women, irregular macular rash, red eyes, & lymphadenopathy
Roseola =
VIRAL
“Rosey” pink, blanchable rash
5th Disease =
VIRAL
Slapped red cheeks, lace-like trunk rash, & bad if pregnant
Hand, Foot, Mouth Disease =
VIRAL
“Herpangina”– vesicles on hands, feet, & mouth
When is chicken-pox NOT contagious?
Once the lesions scab/dry
What if chicken pox is latent?
Shingles
What is lupus?
Chronic autoimmune dz w/remissions & exacerbations
What are some manifestations you may see w/Lupus?
Butterfly rash (malar) Vasculitis Alopecia, joint pain, fatigue, Raynaud's, stomatitis, pleurisy, and/or seizures
Idiopathic Thrombocytopenia Purpura =
Occurs 1-4wks after viral infx (or MMR vaccine)
Causes platelet destruction –> bruising/pinpoint petechiae/large area of purpura
** THINK BLEEDING/PLATELETS **
What are the complications of ITP?
Hemorrhage/bleeding
Treatment for ITP =
Corticosteroids (prednisone/solone–PO)
2-3 weeks OR once platelets ≥ 30,000
AVOID ASA/NSAIDs (trauma/bleeding)
** PLATELETS VERY LOW < 10,000 **
What is Henoch-Schonlei?
Vasculitis –> leakage of IgA –> irritates small vessels –> purpura rash, kidney/gut probs, & joint pain
S/S of Henoch-Schonlei =
Purpura
Joint pain
Bloody poop/pee
Treatment for Henoch-Schonlei =
Corticosteroids (if joints/GI affected)
Renal tests & BP monitor (if kidney’s affected)
