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CM2 Exam1 > Oncology 1- Paulson > Flashcards

Oncology 1- Paulson Flashcards

1
Q

What is the mc cause of CA in men?

A

Prostate

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2
Q

What is the mc cause of CA in women?

A

Breast

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3
Q

What is the mc cause of CA in men & women?

A

Lung

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4
Q

T/F: The CA stage is what it is at the time of diagnosis?

A

True

Ex: Stage II breast CA that went away and came back then spread to bones = stage 2 breast CA with metastasis to bones

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5
Q

Tx means….

A

Tumor can’t be measured

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6
Q

T0 means….

A

Tumor can’t be found

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7
Q

Tis means….

A

In situ (stage 0) hasn’t spread anywhere

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8
Q

T1-T4 means…

A

Describes tumor size and spread to adjacent structures

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9
Q

Nx means…

A

Nodes can’t be evaluated

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10
Q

N0 means…

A

No nodal involvement

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11
Q

N1-N3 means…

A

Describes size, location, and/or # lymph nodes involved

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12
Q

M0 means…

A

No distant metastasis

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13
Q

M1 means…

A

There are distant metastasis

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14
Q

What are the mc bone metastasis?

A

“PT Barnum Loves Kids”

Prostate, thyroid, breast, lung, kidney

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15
Q

Patients with bone metastases can be ________ or involve significant _____

A

asymptomatic, pain

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16
Q

Patients with this type of CA may present with hypercalcemia, bone fractures, pain and spinal cord compression

A

bone mets

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17
Q

What imaging might you do in a patient with bone mets?

A

Depends on primary tumor and location of pain

Xray, CT, PET, bone density

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18
Q

What is the tx for a patient with bone mets who has pain and skeletal related events such as fractures?

A

Osteoclast inhibitors (Biphosphonates)= Boniva

19
Q

If a patient is in severe pain from bone mets what should you give the patient?

A

Opiods

20
Q

This bone met therapy is effective in reducing pain by 50-80% and helps shrink the tumor

A

External Beam Radiation Therapy

21
Q

Bone met targeted radiation is called

A

Stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT)

22
Q

Treatment in patients with impending pathological fractures for bone mets

A

Surgery

23
Q

What are the mc metastasis of brain CA?

A

“bcklm”

breast, colorectal, kidney, lung, melanoma

24
Q

These cancers rarely met to the brain

A

Prostate, esophageal, oropharyngeal, non-melanoma skin cancers

25
Q

A patient presents with HA, focal deficit, cog dysfxn and seizures. What type of CA do they have?

A

Brain

26
Q

What is the best way to detect brain cancer?

A

MRI with contrast

27
Q

A patient has one large tumor in the brain what treatment might we try?

A

Surgery

28
Q

A patient that has an inaccessable tumor, multiple small tumors or a brain tumor near a delicate structure, we would try this therapy?

A

Stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS)

S/e: nausea, dizziness/vertigo, seizure, HA

29
Q

A patient with multiple, large tumors would undergo what type of treatment?

A

Whole brain radiation therapy (response rate 40-60%)

30
Q

Name two early side effects of whole brain radiation therapy?

A

Allopecia (hair loss), fatigue

31
Q

Late side effects of whole brain radiation therapy include

A

Brain atrophy, cog decline, NPH (normal pressure hydrocephalus), hypothyroidism

32
Q

A patient undergoing whole brain radiation therapy may use this prophylactically to help with symptoms

A

Namenda. They can also use steroids to help with irritation and swelling

33
Q

A patient who has a cough, hemoptysis, dyspnea/hypoxia, and malignant pleural effusion would have this type of cancer?

A

Lung

34
Q

If a patient has a new onset pleural effusion what test should you get?

A

Pleuralcentesis

35
Q

How do you dx lung cancer? (pulm metastasis)

A

chest imaging and thoracentesis

36
Q

Treatment for pulm metastases

A

surgery, radiation, pluerX catheter

37
Q

If a patient is having pain & dyspnea from CA treatment, what should you give them?

A

Opoids (Roxanol) for pain and can do a trial of oxygen if dyspneic

38
Q

If a patient is having nausea from CA treatment, what should you give them?

A

Zofran (ondansetron), Compazine (prochlorperazine), Haldol (haloperidol), medical marijuana

39
Q

If a patient is having anxiety/terminal restlessness from delirum from CA treatment, what should you give them?

*Pt is aggitated and “out of their mind”

A

Ativan (lorazepam), Haldol (haloperidol)

40
Q

A patient is having the “death rattle” what is the first thing you should D/C?

A

fluids. The body can’t handle them

41
Q

A patient is having the “death rattle” what treatment should you try although it may not work?

A

Atropine, Scopolamine patch, glycopyrrolate

42
Q

If a patient is having anorexia from CA treatment, what should you give them?

A

Megace (megestrol acetate), glucocorticoids, marijuana

43
Q

T/F CPR is generally very effective

A

NO

CM2 Exam1 (6 decks)

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