Oncology 1- Paulson

Question 1

What is the mc cause of CA in men?

Answer 1

Prostate

Question 2

What is the mc cause of CA in women?

Answer 2

Breast

Question 3

What is the mc cause of CA in men & women?

Answer 3

Lung

Question 4

T/F: The CA stage is what it is at the time of diagnosis?

Answer 4

True

Ex: Stage II breast CA that went away and came back then spread to bones = stage 2 breast CA with metastasis to bones

Question 5

Tx means….

Answer 5

Tumor can’t be measured

Question 6

T0 means….

Answer 6

Tumor can’t be found

Question 7

Tis means….

Answer 7

In situ (stage 0) hasn’t spread anywhere

Question 8

T1-T4 means…

Answer 8

Describes tumor size and spread to adjacent structures

Question 9

Nx means…

Answer 9

Nodes can’t be evaluated

Question 10

N0 means…

Answer 10

No nodal involvement

Question 11

N1-N3 means…

Answer 11

Describes size, location, and/or # lymph nodes involved

Question 12

M0 means…

Answer 12

No distant metastasis

Question 13

M1 means…

Answer 13

There are distant metastasis

Question 14

What are the mc bone metastasis?

Answer 14

“PT Barnum Loves Kids”

Prostate, thyroid, breast, lung, kidney

Question 15

Patients with bone metastases can be ________ or involve significant _____

Answer 15

asymptomatic, pain

Question 16

Patients with this type of CA may present with hypercalcemia, bone fractures, pain and spinal cord compression

Answer 16

bone mets

Question 17

What imaging might you do in a patient with bone mets?

Answer 17

Depends on primary tumor and location of pain

Xray, CT, PET, bone density

Question 18

What is the tx for a patient with bone mets who has pain and skeletal related events such as fractures?

Answer 18

Osteoclast inhibitors (Biphosphonates)= Boniva

Question 19

If a patient is in severe pain from bone mets what should you give the patient?

Answer 19

Opiods

Question 20

This bone met therapy is effective in reducing pain by 50-80% and helps shrink the tumor

Answer 20

External Beam Radiation Therapy

Question 21

Bone met targeted radiation is called

Answer 21

Stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT)

Question 22

Treatment in patients with impending pathological fractures for bone mets

Answer 22

Surgery

Question 23

What are the mc metastasis of brain CA?

Answer 23

“bcklm”

breast, colorectal, kidney, lung, melanoma

Question 24

These cancers rarely met to the brain

Answer 24

Prostate, esophageal, oropharyngeal, non-melanoma skin cancers

Question 25

A patient presents with HA, focal deficit, cog dysfxn and seizures. What type of CA do they have?

Answer 25

Brain

Question 26

What is the best way to detect brain cancer?

Answer 26

MRI with contrast

Question 27

A patient has one large tumor in the brain what treatment might we try?

Answer 27

Surgery

Question 28

A patient that has an inaccessable tumor, multiple small tumors or a brain tumor near a delicate structure, we would try this therapy?

Answer 28

Stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) S/e: nausea, dizziness/vertigo, seizure, HA

Question 29

A patient with multiple, large tumors would undergo what type of treatment?

Answer 29

Whole brain radiation therapy (response rate 40-60%)

Question 30

Name two early side effects of whole brain radiation therapy?

Answer 30

Allopecia (hair loss), fatigue

Question 31

Late side effects of whole brain radiation therapy include

Answer 31

Brain atrophy, cog decline, NPH (normal pressure hydrocephalus), hypothyroidism

Question 32

A patient undergoing whole brain radiation therapy may use this prophylactically to help with symptoms

Answer 32

Namenda. They can also use steroids to help with irritation and swelling

Question 33

A patient who has a cough, hemoptysis, dyspnea/hypoxia, and malignant pleural effusion would have this type of cancer?

Answer 33

Lung

Question 34

If a patient has a new onset pleural effusion what test should you get?

Answer 34

Pleuralcentesis

Question 35

How do you dx lung cancer? (pulm metastasis)

Answer 35

chest imaging and thoracentesis

Question 36

Treatment for pulm metastases

Answer 36

surgery, radiation, pluerX catheter

Question 37

If a patient is having pain & dyspnea from CA treatment, what should you give them?

Answer 37

Opoids (Roxanol) for pain and can do a trial of oxygen if dyspneic

Question 38

If a patient is having nausea from CA treatment, what should you give them?

Answer 38

Zofran (ondansetron), Compazine (prochlorperazine), Haldol (haloperidol), medical marijuana

Question 39

If a patient is having anxiety/terminal restlessness from delirum from CA treatment, what should you give them? *Pt is aggitated and "out of their mind"

Answer 39

Ativan (lorazepam), Haldol (haloperidol)

Question 40

A patient is having the "death rattle" what is the first thing you should D/C?

Answer 40

fluids. The body can't handle them

Question 41

A patient is having the "death rattle" what treatment should you try although it may not work?

Answer 41

Atropine, Scopolamine patch, glycopyrrolate

Question 42

If a patient is having anorexia from CA treatment, what should you give them?

Answer 42

Megace (megestrol acetate), glucocorticoids, marijuana

Question 43

T/F CPR is generally very effective

Answer 43

NO