Oncogenes and Tumor Suppressors Flashcards
What is bcr-abl?
Abl: Signal transducer
Translocated genetic material, t(9;22) -> increased tyrosine kinase activity
What is ras?
Proto-oncogene, Signal transducer, uses G-protein/MAP-kinase pathways that lead to increased sensitivity of cells to mitogenic stimuli
What is Erb-B2?
Protooncogene, growth factor receptor > increased tyrosine kinase activity related to EGFR
Associated with breast and ovarian cancer.
What is p53?
Tumor suppressor, regulates cell proliferation during G1 phase. Detects genomic abnormalities. Halts cell cycle if abnormal. If cannot repair, causes cell to apoptose.
What is N-myc?
Proto-oncogene, transcription factor, amplified in neuroblastoma.
What is neurofibromin?
Tumor suppressor protein encoded by NF-1 on Chromosome 17. Suppresses Ras (a poweful activator of cell growth and proliferation).
What is Bcl-2?
Apoptosis inhibitor
implicated in follicular lymphomas t(14;18)
What are c-Jun and c-Fos?
Proto-oncogenes, nuclear transcription factors that directly bind DNA via a leucine zipper motif.
What is c-myc?
Proto-oncogene, transcription factor, associated with t(8;14) Burkitt lymphoma
What is L-myc?
Proto-oncogene, transcription factor, associated with lung carcinoma (small cell)
What is Cyclin D1?
Proto-oncogene, enables cell cycle progression, associated with Mantle Cell Lymphoma [t(11;14)]
What is CDK4?
Proto-oncogene, enables cell cycles progression (amplification mutation), associated with melanomas
What is RET?
Proto-oncogene, neural growth factor receptor (point mutation), associated with MEN 2A and 2B, and medullary thyroid carcinoma
What is KIT?
Proto-oncogene, stem cell growth factor receptor (point mutation), associated with GI and stromal tumors
What is ERBB2?
Proto-oncogene, epidermal growth factor receptor, associated with breast carcinomas
