Antivirals

Question 0

What is Raltegravir?

Answer 0

Class/MOA: Integrase inhibitor

Use: HIV treatment

Question 1

What is Zidovudine?

Answer 1

Class/MOA: Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor that competitively binds to the viral reverse transcriptase, gets incorporated into the viral genome as a thymidine analog with an 3’ azido group –> Stops elongation with new nucleotides during DNA replication.
Use: HIV infection
SE:

Question 2

What is Oseltamivir?

Answer 2

Sialic acid analog inhibitor of Influenza A and B viral neuraminidases, which halts the release of progeny virus.

Question 3

What is Ribavirin?

Answer 3

Nucleoside analog that inhibits the synthesis of guanine nucleotides.
Active against RSV and HCV.

Question 4

What is Ganciclovir?

Answer 4

Anti-herpesvirus guanine nucleoside analogue that is structurally similar to acyclovir, but expresses greater activity against CMV DNA polymerase.

Question 5

What is Lamivudine?

Answer 5

Anti-retroviral nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor, for HIV infection.

Question 6

What is Amantadine?

Answer 6

Impairs uncoating of the Influenza A virion after host cell endocytosis.

Question 7

What is IFN-alpha?

Answer 7

Naturally released by eukaryotic cells in response to viral infection, to combat HBV and HCV infection. Also used for kaposi sarcoma, hairy cell leukemia, condyloma acuminatum, renal cell carcinoma, malignant melanoma.

Glycoproteins with wide range of antiviral and antitumoral properties.

Question 8

What is ethambutol?

Answer 8

Part of the multi-agent Abx regimen for Mycobacterium tuberculosis and atypical mycobacterial infections.

SE: visual acuity, central scotoma, and color-blindness.

Question 9

What is isoniazid?

Answer 9

Part of the multi-agent Abx regimen for Mycobacterium tuberculosis and atypical mycobacterial infections.
MOA:
SE: hepatotoxicity