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First Aid: General Pathology > Oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes > Flashcards

Oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes Flashcards

p221 (complete) For each, name: oncogene or tumor suppressor, associated tumor(s), and gene product (some don't have gene products)

1
Q

What is an oncogene?

A

Gain of function mutation–>incr cancer risk. Need damage to only 1 allele.

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2
Q

What is a tumor suppressor gene?

A

Loss of function mutation–>incr cancer risk. Need damage to both alleles for cancer.

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3
Q

BCR-ABL

A

Oncogene
CML; ALL
Tyrosine kinase

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4
Q

c-myc

A

Oncogene
Burkitt’s lymphoma
TF

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5
Q

bcl-2

A

Oncogene
Follicular and undifferentiated lymphomas
Anti-apoptotic molecule

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6
Q

HER2/neu (c-erbB2)

A

Oncogene
Breast, ovarian, and gastric carcinoma
Tyr kinase

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7
Q

ras

A

Oncogene
Colon, lung, pancreatic cancer
GTPase

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8
Q

L-myc

A

Oncogene
Lung tumor
TF

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9
Q

N-myc

A

Oncogene
Neuroblastoma
TF

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10
Q

ret

A

Oncogene
MEN 2A and 2B
Tyr kinase

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11
Q

c-kit

A 
Oncogene
Gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST)
Cytokine receptor (for stem cell factor)
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12
Q

Rb

A

Tumor suppressor gene
Retinoblastoma, osteosarcoma
Inhibits E2F, blocking G1–>S phase

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13
Q

p53

A

Tumor suppressor gene
Most human cancers, Li-Fraumeni syndrome
TF for p21, blocks G1–>S phase

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14
Q

BRCA1

A

Tumor suppressor gene
Breast and ovarian cancer
DNA repair protein

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15
Q

BRCA2

A

Tumor suppressor gene
Breast and ovarian cancer
DNA repair protein

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16
Q

p16

A

Tumor suppressor gene
Melanoma
CDK-I2A

17
Q

BRAF

A

Oncogene
Melanoma
S/T kinase

18
Q

APC

A 
Tumor suppressor gene
Colorectal cancer (assoc w/ FAP)
19
Q

WT1

A

Tumor suppressor gene

Wilm’s tumor (nephroblastoma)

20
Q

NF1

A

Tumor suppressor gene
Neurofibromatosis type 1
RAS GTPase activating protein (RAS-GAP)

21
Q

NF2

A

Tumor suppressor gene
Neurofibromatosis type 2
Merlin (schwannomin) protein

22
Q

DPC4/SMAD4

A

Tumor suppressor gene

Pancreatic cancer

23
Q

DCC

A

Tumor suppressor gene

Colon cancer

24
Q

MEN1

A

Tumor suppressor gene

MEN type I

25
Q

PTEN

A

Tumor suppressor gene

Breast, prostate, endometrial cancer

26
Q

PDGF-beta

A

Oncogene
Astrocytoma
GF

27
Q

Cyclin D1

A

Oncogene
Mantle cell lymphoma
Cyclin

28
Q

CDK4

A

Oncogene
Melanoma
CDK

29
Q

TSC1

A

Tumor suppressor
Tuberous sclerosis
Hamartin protein

30
Q

TSC2

A

Tumor suppressor
Tuberous sclerosis
Tuberculin protein

31
Q

VHL

A

Tumor suppressor
von Hippel-Lindau dz
Inhibits hypoxia inducible factor 1a (HIF-1a)

32
Q

WT2

A

Tumor suppressor gene

Wilm’s tumor (nephroblastoma)

First Aid: General Pathology (4 decks)

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