Oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes Flashcards
ALK
Receptor tyrosine Kinase
-lung adenocarcinoma
BCR-ABL
Non-receptor tyrosine Kinase
CML, ALL
BCL-2
Antiapoptotic molecule (inhibits apoptosis)
Follicular and diffuse B cell lymphoma
BRAF
serine/threonine kinase
melanoma, non-hodgkin lymphoma, papillary thyroid carcinoma, hairy cell leukemia
c-KIT
cytokine receptor
Gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST)
c-MYC
transcription factor
burkitt lymphoma
HER2/neu (c-erbB2)
Receptor tyrosine kinase
breast and gastric carcinoma
JAK2
tyrosine kinase
chronic myeloproliferative disorders
KRAS
GTPase (KRAS mutation causes EGFR pathway to be constitutively active)
colon cancer, lung cancer, pancreatic cancer
MYCL1
transcription factor
lung tumor
N-myc (MYCN)
transcription factor
neuroblastoma
RET
receptor tyrosine kinase
MEN 2A and 2B, papillary thyroid carcinoma
APC
negative regulator of B-catenin/WNT pathway
colorectal cancer (associated with FAP)
BRCA1/BRCA2
DNA repair protein
breast, ovarian, pancreatic cancer
CDKN2A
p16, blocks G1 –> S phase
melanoma, pancreatic cancer
DCC
DCC = deleted in colon cancer
colon cancer
SMAD4 (DPC4)
DPC = deleted in pancreatic cancer
pancreatic cancer
MEN1
menin
multiple endocrine neoplasia 1
NF1
neurofibromin (Ras GTPase activating protein)
neurofibromatosis type 1
NF2
merlin (schwannomin) protein
neurofibromatosis type 2
PTEN
negative regulator of PI3k/AKT pathway
breast, prostate, and endometrial cancer
Rb
inhibits E2F; blocks G1 –> S phase
retinoblastoma, osteosarcoma (bone cancer)
TP53
p53; activated p21, blocks G1 –> S phase
most human cancers, Li-Fraumeni syndrome (multiple malignancies at early age, aka, SBLA cancer syndrome: sarcoma, breast, leukemia, and adrenal gland
TSC1
hamartin protein
tuberous sclerosis
TSC2
tuberin protein
tuberous sclerosis
VHL
inhibits hypoxia-inducible factor 1a
von Hippel-lindau disease
WT1
transcription factor that regulates urogenital development
Wilms tumor (nephroblastoma)