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Step 1 > Oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes > Flashcards

Oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes Flashcards

1
Q

ALK

A

Receptor tyrosine Kinase

-lung adenocarcinoma

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2
Q

BCR-ABL

A

Non-receptor tyrosine Kinase

CML, ALL

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3
Q

BCL-2

A

Antiapoptotic molecule (inhibits apoptosis)

Follicular and diffuse B cell lymphoma

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4
Q

BRAF

A

serine/threonine kinase

melanoma, non-hodgkin lymphoma, papillary thyroid carcinoma, hairy cell leukemia

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5
Q

c-KIT

A

cytokine receptor

Gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST)

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6
Q

c-MYC

A

transcription factor

burkitt lymphoma

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7
Q

HER2/neu (c-erbB2)

A

Receptor tyrosine kinase

breast and gastric carcinoma

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8
Q

JAK2

A

tyrosine kinase

chronic myeloproliferative disorders

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9
Q

KRAS

A

GTPase (KRAS mutation causes EGFR pathway to be constitutively active)

colon cancer, lung cancer, pancreatic cancer

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10
Q

MYCL1

A

transcription factor

lung tumor

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11
Q

N-myc (MYCN)

A

transcription factor

neuroblastoma

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12
Q

RET

A

receptor tyrosine kinase

MEN 2A and 2B, papillary thyroid carcinoma

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13
Q

APC

A

negative regulator of B-catenin/WNT pathway

colorectal cancer (associated with FAP)

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14
Q

BRCA1/BRCA2

A

DNA repair protein

breast, ovarian, pancreatic cancer

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15
Q

CDKN2A

A

p16, blocks G1 –> S phase

melanoma, pancreatic cancer

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16
Q

DCC

A

DCC = deleted in colon cancer

colon cancer

17
Q

SMAD4 (DPC4)

A

DPC = deleted in pancreatic cancer

pancreatic cancer

18
Q

MEN1

A

menin

multiple endocrine neoplasia 1

19
Q

NF1

A

neurofibromin (Ras GTPase activating protein)

neurofibromatosis type 1

20
Q

NF2

A

merlin (schwannomin) protein

neurofibromatosis type 2

21
Q

PTEN

A

negative regulator of PI3k/AKT pathway

breast, prostate, and endometrial cancer

22
Q

Rb

A

inhibits E2F; blocks G1 –> S phase

retinoblastoma, osteosarcoma (bone cancer)

23
Q

TP53

A

p53; activated p21, blocks G1 –> S phase

most human cancers, Li-Fraumeni syndrome (multiple malignancies at early age, aka, SBLA cancer syndrome: sarcoma, breast, leukemia, and adrenal gland

24
Q

TSC1

A

hamartin protein

tuberous sclerosis

25
Q

TSC2

A

tuberin protein

tuberous sclerosis

26
Q

VHL

A

inhibits hypoxia-inducible factor 1a

von Hippel-lindau disease

27
Q

WT1

A

transcription factor that regulates urogenital development

Wilms tumor (nephroblastoma)

Step 1 (12 decks)

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