Oncogenes

Question 1

Name an oncogene involved in breast, colon and lung cancer

Answer 1

Src

Question 2

What does the src gene produce?

Answer 2

Tyrosine kinase

Question 3

What is the location of src?

Answer 3

Cytoplasm (as it’s a tyrosine kinase)

Question 4

What are the two mechanisms of oncogenic activation of src?

Answer 4

Overexpression

Deletion of c-terminal

Question 5

Which tumours are src implicated in?

Answer 5

Breast
Lung
Colon

Question 6

Which tumours are K-ras involved in?

Answer 6

Colon and lung

Question 7

What is the product of K-ras?

Answer 7

G-protein

Question 8

Where in the cell does the product of k-ras sit?

Answer 8

Cytoplasm (it’s a g-protein)

Question 9

What is the mechanism of oncogenic activation of k-ras?

Answer 9

Point mutation

Question 10

Which cancer is Ha-Ras implicated in?

Answer 10

Bladder

Question 11

What is the mechanism of oncogenic activation of H-ras?

Answer 11

Point mutation (like K-ras)

Question 12

Name two transcription factor oncogenes

Answer 12

myc

jun

Question 13

What is the product of myc and where does it sit?

Answer 13

Transcription factor in the nucleus

Question 14

What is the product of jun and where does it sit?

Answer 14

Transcription factor in the nucleus

Question 15

What is the mechanism of oncogenic activation of myc?

Answer 15

Chromosomal translocation

Question 16

What cancer is myc associated with?

Answer 16

Burkitt’s lymphoma (chromosomal translocation)

Question 17

What is the mechanism of oncogenic activation of jun?

Answer 17

Overexpression

Deletion

Question 18

What cancer is jun associated with?

Answer 18

Lung

Question 19

Name two protooncogenes which become oncogenes due to overexpression or deletion

Answer 19

Jun
Src (deletion of c-terminal)

Question 20

Name three oncogenes implicated in lung cancer

Answer 20

Src
K-ras
Jun

Question 21

Name two oncogenes implicated in colon cancer

Answer 21

Src

K-ras

Question 22

Name the oncogene implicated in Burkitt’s lymphoma

Answer 22

Myc - chromosomal translocation causes an aberrant transcription factor to be produced

Question 23

Name the oncogene implicated in bladder cancer

Answer 23

H-ras - point mutation causes aberrant G protein

Question 24

What is the Philadelphia chromosome?

Answer 24

t(9;22) translocation forming new BCR-ABL gene

Question 25

What does the product of the new gene in the Philadelphia chromosome code for?

Answer 25

Aberrant tyrosine kinase

Question 26

Which condition results from the Philadelphia chromosome?

Answer 26

Chronic myeloid leukaemia

Question 27

Name and explain the condition resulting from chromosomal translocation

Answer 27

Burkitt’s lymphoma - enhancer region increases protein levels

Question 28

What are protooncogenes?

Answer 28

Codes for essential proteins involved in maintenance of cell-growth, division and differentiation