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CanQB > Onco > Flashcards

Onco Flashcards

1
Q

Pancreatic Ca sign

A

Progressive jaundice

Curvoiser sign (painless palpable gallbladder)

Trousseau sign

Migratory thrombophlebitis

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2
Q

What’s acoustic neuroma

A

Schwannoma of 8CN

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3
Q

Acoustic neuroma Sx

A

Unilateral hearing loss (slow progressive sensoneural)

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4
Q

Weber test (tuning fork) results.

A

Unilateral sensorineural: louder in normal ear

Unilateral conductive: louder in effected ear

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5
Q

Rinne test results

A

Air > bone normal
Bone > air conductive loss
Bone = air sensorineural

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6
Q

MC benign tumor of breast

A

Fibroadenoma

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7
Q

Age for fibroadenoma

A

F < 30

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8
Q

Fibroadenoma classic

A

Painless
Mobile
Small round
Well defined / encapsulated

Cut surface = grey white
Aspirate = no fluid

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9
Q

Euthyroid nodule next step?

A

FNA

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10
Q

MCC of esophageal cancer

A

SCC

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11
Q

MCC of malignancies in Down Syndrome

A

AML
ALL
Testicular Ca
Liver Ca

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12
Q

Risks for colon Cancer

A

FHx of CRC or polyp
IBD
High fat diet
Low fiber diet

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13
Q

Is diverticular disease a cause of CRC?

A

No

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14
Q

T/F: Marijuana smoking increases the risk of lung cancer.

A

F.

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15
Q

Risks of lung cancer

A 
Tobacco 
Asbestosis
Radiation
Nickel mining 
Arsenic 
Radon 
Chromium 
Uranium 
Aromatic hydrocarbons
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16
Q

Age of multiple myeloma

A

> 60 Yrs

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17
Q

Pathophysiology of MM

A

Clonal expansion of abnormal plasma cells producing monoclonal paraprotein mainly IgG or IgA rarely IgD

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18
Q

MM classic Sx

A

Bone pain: back +/- fractures

Anemia

Renal failure (high Cr)

Recurrent infections

High Ca + constipation

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19
Q

Dx of MM

A

BM biopsy

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20
Q

MCC of pituitary Adenoma

A

Prolactinoma

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21
Q

Pituitary adenoma classic

A

Amenorrhea
Headaches
Bitemporal hemianopsia
Galactorrhea if prolactinoma

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22
Q

MM Rx

A

< 65 YO:
If symptomatic only Rx
Stem cell transplant

> 65 YO:
Asymptomatic = No Rx
If symptomatic = melphalan + prednisolone +/- thalidomide.

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23
Q

When to Rx MM?

A

If symptomatic.
Early Rx doesn’t improve mortality.
May increase risk of leukemia

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24
Q

Recognize melanoma

A

ABCDE

Asymmetrical 
Irregular 
Color varying 
Diameter >6 mm
Evolution
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25
Q

Rx melanoma

A

Deep excision with 1-2 mm margins

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26
Q

Prognostic marker of MM

A

B2 microglobulin

Albumin

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27
Q

Pathophysiology of CML

A

Philadelphia chromosome t(9;22)

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28
Q

Types of burkitts lymphoma

A
  1. Africa = facial swelling in kids.
  2. North America: abdominal
  3. HIV
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29
Q

Histopath of Burkitts lymphoma

A

Starry sky

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30
Q

Mutation of Burkitts lymphoma

A

t(8-14)

Over expression of nuclear transcription factor c-MYC

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31
Q

MC type of renal tumors

A

Renal cell carcinoma

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32
Q

Carcinoid tumor classic

A

Flushing episodes
Diarrhea
Wheezes
Rt heart disease

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33
Q

Cause of Sx in carcinoid tumors

A

Serotonin

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34
Q

Dx carcinoid tumors

A

Urine 5-HIAA

Hydroxyinolacentic acid

35
Q

Gardenigo Syndrome

A

Ear infection. + eye symptoms

Triad of petros apicitis:
Otorrhea 
Retro-orbital pain
Diplopia
6CN palsy
36
Q

Infection associated with Kaposi sarcoma

A

HHV-8

37
Q

Dx Hodgkin lymphoma

A

LN biopsy to see Reed-Sternberg cells

38
Q

6 Facts about hairy cell leukemia

A
  1. Hairy cells in smear + BM
  2. CD 11+ve
  3. TRAP +ve
  4. Hepatospleenomegaly
  5. BM fibrosis
  6. Cytopenia
39
Q

What’s TRAP in hairy cell leukemia?

A

Tartrate resistant acid phosphate

40
Q

Rx of hairy cell leukemia

A

Cladribine

If resistant pentostatin

41
Q

Risk factors for HCC

A 
HBV
HCV
Hemochromatosis 
Alcoholic liver 
Fungal aflatoxin intake
42
Q

Cause of nasopharyngeal carcinoma

A

EBV

43
Q

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma Sx

A

Late
Unilateral bloody nasal discharge

Fascial swelling

Numbness

44
Q

Rx of nasopharyngeal carcinoma

A

Chemo + radiation

45
Q

Dx acoustic neuroma

A

1st audiometer

Definitive: MRI or CT

46
Q

Substance used in PET scan

A

Fluorine-18-labeled tracer fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG)

Analogue of glucose

47
Q

SCLC Sx

A 
Cough 
Hoarseness 
Weight loss
SIADH
Smoker 
Elderly
48
Q

Other name for SCLC

A

Oat cell lung Ca

49
Q

Red flags in thyroid nodule

A 
Male 
Age < 20 or > 65
Rapid growth 
Dysphagia 
Hoarseness 
Neck pain
Hard fixed nodule > 4cm
Cervical LN
50
Q

MC type of thyroid cancer

A

Papillary

51
Q

Major types of skin cancer

A

BSC
SCC
Melanoma

52
Q

Skin cancer with worst prognosis

A

Melanoma

53
Q

Type of melanoma with Worst prognosis?

A

Nodular melanoma

54
Q

Rx of SCC >20 mm

A

Surgical excision with 6mm margins

55
Q

How to tell if lymphoma is advanced?

A
  1. BM involvement

If you find multi nucleated RBC in peripheral smear look for them in BM biopsy.

56
Q

Anal carcinoma is associated with what STD

A

HPV 16 + 18

57
Q

What’s thrombophlebitis migrans

A

Inflammation of veins related to thrombosis spears as erythematous firm nodules on legs.

58
Q

Migratory thrombophlebitis indicates?

A

Malignancy

59
Q

MCC of migratory thrombophlebitis

A

Pancreas and lung cancer

60
Q

Other name for migrating thrombophlebitis

A

Trousseau’s sign of malignancy

61
Q

If see migratory thrombophlebitis, next step?

A

Look for pancreas or lung Ca by CT

62
Q

Turners syndrome classic

A 
45 XO karyotype
Primary amenorrhea 
Low estrogen 
High FSH, LH
2ry sexual characteristics
63
Q

MCC of brain ventricular system?

A

Ependymoma

64
Q

Location of epndymomas

A

Floor of 4th ventricle

65
Q

What’s Waldenstrom Macro-globulinemia?

A

Uncontrolled proliferation of plasma cells that produce IgM protein w/ light chains

66
Q

Age of Dx in Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia?

A

> 65

67
Q

Classic Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia

A

Anemia
Monoclonal IgM peaks
Bence-Jones

68
Q

Waldenstrom vs MGUS?

A

Bench-Jones protein in Waldenstrom but not in MGUS

69
Q

Cancers that produce PTHrP?

A

Squamous cell of Lung
Head / neck Ca
Bladder Ca

70
Q

When to order homovanillic acid + vanillymandelic acid?

A

Neuroblastoma

Pheochromocytoma

71
Q

Dx pheochromocytoma or neuroblastoma

A

Serum neuron-specific enolase

Homovanillic acid

Vanillymandelic acid

72
Q

Which tumors raise hCG?

A

Liver tumors

Germ cell

73
Q

What Ca raise a-fetoprotein?

A

Liver Ca
Teratomas
Germ cells

74
Q

What coul cause false positive PSA?

A 
Prostate exam 
Prostate massage 
Cystoscope 
UTI
Urinary retention
75
Q

What BPH drug falsely decreases levels of PSA?

A

Finasteride

76
Q

Rx prostate Ca?

A 
- Symptomatic + mets:
Castration:
Surgery
LH releasing hormone agonists like leuprolide
Anti-androgen like Flutamide

Radical prostatectomy if <70

  • Asymptomatic + >70:
    Watchful waiting
77
Q

What increases the risk of endometrial cancer

A

PCOS

78
Q

What protects against endometrial cancer

A

Multi parity
Late menarche
Copper IUD
OCP

79
Q

Marker of ovarian Ca

A

CA-125

80
Q

CEA marker of what?

A

Follow up CRC

81
Q

CA19-9 marker of what?

A

Pancreas Ca

82
Q

Normal PSA

A

< 4 ng/ml

83
Q

MCC of metastatic brain Ca?

A

Lung > breast > melanoma

84
Q

Where dose pancreas Ca metastasize

A

Liver
Lung
Peritoneum

CanQB (16 decks)

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