Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

CanQB > Nephro > Flashcards

Nephro Flashcards

1
Q

Rx of anemia in CKD?

A

Iron then erythropoietin

If on dialysis IV iron > oral

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Detrustor instability / urge incontinence classic

A

Intense urge to void patient overcomes with voluntary closure of sphincter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Stress incontinence

A

Weak sphincter

Leakage with coughing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Cause of acute interstitial nephritis?

A

Drugs:

  • NSAIDs
  • cephalosporins
  • penicillin
  • sulfonamide
  • aminoglycoside
  • rifampin
  • allopurinol
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Epididymitis classic

A

Subacute scrotal pain
Prehn’s sign +ve
Mass above testis
Associated w/ STD = pyuria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Most common infection associated w/ epididymitis

A

STD (gonorrhea + chlamydia)

E. coli

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

How to lower the risk of contrast-induced nephropathy?

A

Hydration + Na HCO3

N-acetylcystine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Causes of erectile dysfunction

A 
Alcohol + smoking 
Age
DM
HTN
Hyperlipidemia
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Urinary retention causes

A

Impaired bladder contractility (neuro)

Bladder outlet obstruction (Ca, BPH)

Detrusor-sphincter dyssynergia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Urinary retention classic

A

Frequency
Incontinence
Pain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Dx perinephric abscess

A

CT = big psoas muscle + perirenal gas + perirenal fluid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Sx of perinephric abscess

A

Fever + flank pain not responsive to 4days of Abx

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Rx of stress incontinence

A

Kegel exercise
Surgical
Pessary
+/- estrogen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Rx of urge incontinence

A

Pelvic floor training (kegel)
Oxybutynin
Tolterodine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Types of urinary incontinence

A
  1. Functional: can’t move
  2. Stress: pelvic relaxation = involuntary loss of urine w/ coughing.
  3. Detrusor instability: overactive bladder, urge to urinate followed by loss of large amount of urine
  4. Neurologic: constant leakage of small amount.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Neurogenic bladder ass

A

DM
MS
Spinal cord injury

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Rx of neurogenic bladder

A
  1. Strict ruination schedule
  2. Crede’s maneuver

+/- bethanecol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Dx of kidney stones

A

CT w/o contrast

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Chronic bacteriuria

A

Short course Abx

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Alternative to TMP-SMX in UTI

A

Cipro, Levo, nor or lemofloxacin

Not moxifloxacin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Use of moxifloxacin in UTI

A

Not recommended

Low urine concentration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Rx of DM nephropathy

A

ACEI / ARB + Na restriction

Nephroprotective

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

MCC of nephrotic

A

DM

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

When to adjust drugs dose / dosing intervals in CKD?

A

Based on GFR or creatinine clearance NOT creatinine serum level.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Rx of epididymitis

A

Cefriaxone 250 mg IM
+
Doxycycline 100 mg BID for 10 days.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Rx in erectile dysfunction

A

Sildenafil
Tadalafil
Testosterone
GnRH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Kidney stone classic

A

Flank pain
Radiates to groin
Costovertebral angle tenderness.

28
Q

Rx of uric acid stones

A

Hydration

Alkalinize urine w/ K citrate or HCO3

29
Q

Dx of glomerulonephritis

A

Dysmorphic RBC on cast

30
Q

What never cause nephrotic syndrome

A

Inflammation reaction of glomerular cells

31
Q

Dx polycystic kidney disease

A

US

32
Q

Polycystic kidney disease classic

A

FHx
Enlarge kidneys
HTN
+/- AKI

33
Q

Organic vs psychological erectile dysfunction

A

morning erection = psychological

34
Q

Drug contraindicated in HTN due to renal artery disease?

A

ACEI

35
Q

Causes of urinary incontinence

A

Vaginal deliveries
Chronic cough
Estrogen deficiency
Weak muscle of urethra

NB: C-section isn’t cause.

36
Q

One cancer where biopsy is contraindicated?

A

Testicular Ca

Leads to seeding of tumor cells

37
Q

Rx of hydronephrosis

A

Hydration
Pain control
+/- antibiotics

Stones < 4mm pass spontaneously

38
Q

Dx goodpasture

A

Anti-GBM ab

39
Q

IgA nephropathy classic

A
  • Recurrent gross hematuria after URTI

Or

  • Microscopic hematuria and mild proteinuria

Or

  • Rapidly progressive GN w/ HTN, edema.
40
Q

Dx IgA nephropathy

A

Biopsy = IgA deposits

41
Q

Dx AKI of hypovolemia

A

FENA <1%
BUN:Cr >20
Urine Na <20
Hyaline cast

42
Q

Dx Acute tubular necrosis

A

FENA >1%
BUN:Cr <20
Urine Na >20

43
Q

Best screening test for DM nephropathy?

A

Urine albumin/creatinine ratio to detect mucroalbuminuria

44
Q

Dx renal artery stenosis

A 
HTN (uncontrolled) 
Abdominal bruit 
US 
MRI 
Best = angiography
45
Q

MCC of UTI

A

E. coli

46
Q

Blood thinner needs adjustment w/ renal disease?

A

Enoxaparin

47
Q

What BB don’t need dose adjustment in renal disease? Why?

A

Carvedilol
Metoprolol

Metabolized by liver

48
Q

Indication of drug-induced nephritis?

A

Eosinophilia

49
Q

Pathophysiology of renal artery stenosis

A

Stenosis = hypo perfusion

Activation of RAAS = Na + H2O retention

Normal GFR in early disease.

50
Q

When RBC in urine clinically significant?

A

If 3 RBC/hpf

51
Q

Change in erection with age?

A

Increase time needed for arousal and decreased penile sensitivity

Thus, increased need for direct contact stimulation

Increased time between erections
Less forceful ejection

52
Q

Minimum sperm count to cause pregnancy?

A

> 1 million motile sperms

53
Q

Pregnancy w/ oligospermia?

A

IVF

54
Q

What medications cause urinary retention

A

Anti-cholinergic
TCA
Smooth muscle depressants
Sympathomemtics

55
Q

Interstitial Cystitis classic

A 
Obstructive Sx 
Supra public pain 
Not responsive to Abx
Negative cultures
WBC + RBC in urine.
56
Q

Dx cystitis

A

1st: Urine analysis
Accurate: cultures => negative => cystoscope for interstitial cystitis

57
Q

Rx of cystitis

A

TMP/SMX 3 days
Nitrofurantoin 3 days
Extend Rx to 5-7 days if complicated, resistant

58
Q

Rx of overflow incontinence

A

Cholinergic;

Bethancol

59
Q

Normal urine specific gravity

A

1.012 - 1.030

60
Q

Causes of increased urine specific gravity

A 
Glucosuri
SAIDH 
Dehydration 
Adrenal insufficiency 
High protein diet
61
Q

Low specific gravity

A

DI
Diuretics
Fluid intake

62
Q

Most common nephropathy in AIDS

A

Focal glomerular sclerosis

63
Q

Organisms in epididymitis

A

< 35 Y
Gonorrhea
Chamydia trachomatis

> 35 Y
Pseudomonas 
Coli form (E.coli)
64
Q

Drug causes erectile dysfunction

A

Sertraline (SSRI)

65
Q

PSA level indicates prostate Ca?

A

> 2.0 ng/mL + prostate volume > 40 ml

66
Q

Rx of prostatitis

A

Fluoroquinolone: cipro

Slufa: TMS/MXZ

CanQB (16 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions