Onc Pharmacology Flashcards
[Drugs] inhibit NFkB to decrease the transcription of cytokines; therefore suppressing both B and T cell function
Glucocorticoids inhibit NFkB to decrease the transcription of cytokines; therefore suppressing both B and T cell function
Glucocorticoids can induce the demargination of WBCs producing an artificial _
Glucocorticoids can induce the demargination of WBCs producing an artificial leukocytosis
The risk of stopping glucocorticoids too suddenly is _
The risk of stopping glucocorticoids too suddenly is adrenal insufficiency
Name some side effects of glucocorticoids
- Cushing syndrome
- Osteoporosis
- Amenorrhea
- Hyperglycemia
- Diabetes
- Adrenocortical atrophy
- Peptic ulcers
- Cataracts
- Psychosis
- Avascular necrosis (femoral head)
_ and _ are the two calcineurin inhibitors
Cyclosporine and tacrolimus are the two calcineurin inhibitors
Cyclosporine binds _
Cyclosporine binds cyclophilin
Tacrolimus binds _
Tacrolimus binds FKBP
* FK506 binding protein
Calcineurin inhibitors block T cell activation by _
Calcineurin inhibitors block T cell activation by preventing IL-2 transcription
Calcineurin inhibitors cyclosporine and tacrolimus are both highly [toxic]
Calcineurin inhibitors cyclosporine and tacrolimus are both highly nephrotoxic
* They are also neurotoxic and increase the risk for diabetes
[Immunosuppressant] can cause hirsutism and gingival hyperplasia
Cyclosporine can cause hirsutism and gingival hyperplasia
_ is a protein downstream of the IL-2 receptor that regulates cell cycle progression and proliferation of T cells
mTOR is a protein downstream of the IL-2 receptor that regulates cell cycle progression and proliferation of T cells
[Drug] is an mTOR inhibitor, blocking T cell activation by preventing response to IL-2
Sirolimus is an mTOR inhibitor, blocking T cell activation by preventing response to IL-2
* It binds to FKBP
Sirolimus is also called _
Sirolimus is also called rapamycin
The most common use of sirolimus is _ given that it is not [toxic]
The most common use of sirolimus is kidney transplant rejection prophylaxis given that it is not nephrotoxic
Daclizumab is a _ antibody that blocks the IL-2 receptor
Daclizumab is an anti-CD25 antibody that blocks the IL-2 receptor
* CD25 is a component of the IL-2R
Basiliximab is a monoclonal antibody that blocks _
Basiliximab is a monoclonal antibody that blocks IL-2 receptor
Azathioprine blocks _
Azathioprine blocks nucleotide (purine) synthesis
* Inhibits lymphocyte proliferation
Azathioprine is an anti-metabolite precursor of _
Azathioprine is an anti-metabolite precursor of 6-mercaptopurine
6-MP gets degraded by _ ; the toxicity of azathioprine/6-MP increases with concurrent use of allopurinol
6-MP gets degraded by xanthine oxidase ; the toxicity of azathioprine/6-MP increases with concurrent use of allopurinol
Cyclophosphamide inhibits T cell proliferation by blocking _
Cyclophosphamide inhibits T cell proliferation by blocking DNA replication
_ is also an inhibitor of purine synthesis by blocking IMP dehydrogenase
Mycophenolate is also an inhibitor of purine synthesis by blocking IMP dehydrogenase
Glucocorticoids can help decrease inflammation indirectly via stimulating anti-inflammatory proteins like _
Glucocorticoids can help decrease inflammation indirectly via stimulating anti-inflammatory proteins like annexin 1
* Annexin 1 inhibits prostaglandin synthesis
Name (4) drugs antibodies that target TNF-alpha
Ustekinumab is an antibody that targets cytokines _ and _
Ustekinumab is an antibody that targets cytokines IL-12 and IL-23
Guselkumab is an antibody that targets [cytokine]
Guselkumab is an antibody that targets IL-23
Secukinumab is an antibody that targets [cytokine]
Secukinumab is an antibody that targets IL-17
* Ixekizumab also does this
Rituximab targets [receptor]
Rituximab targets CD20 receptor
* On B cells
Basilixumab targets [receptor]
Basilixumab targets IL-2 receptor
* On T cells
Anakinra targets [receptor] though it is not an antibody
Anakinra targets IL-1 receptors though it is not an antibody
Drugs that end in “-tinib” are _ inhibitors which also work by impairing IL-2 production
Drugs that end in “-tinib” are JAK inhibitors which also work by impairing IL-2 production
Azathioprine specifically acts as a _ analog to inhibit purine synthesis and mutate DNA
Azathioprine specifically acts as a guanine analog to inhibit purine synthesis and mutate DNA
Methotrexate is an inhibitor of _
Methotrexate is an inhibitor of DHFR
* It blocks folate synthesis by blocking dihydrofolic acid reductase
* Inhibits DNA synthesis
Leflunomide inhibits _ in pyrimidine synthesis
Leflunomide inhibits DHODH in pyrimidine synthesis
Vedolizumab and natalizumab are antibodies against _
Vedolizumab and natalizumab are antibodies against alpha4 integrins
* They inhibit leukocyte extravasation
