Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

EOB - Blood Cardio > Onc Pharm > Flashcards

Onc Pharm Flashcards

1
Q

MOA of methotrexate?

A

Folic acid analog that inhibits dihydrofolate reductase (DHF reductase), so decreased dTMP –> decreased DNA and protein synthesis.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Toxicity of MTX?

A

Myelosuppression, macrovesicular fatty change in liver, mucositis, teratogenic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What to administer with methotrexate to prevent myelosuppression?

A

Leucovorin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

5-FU MOA?

A

Pyrimidine analog bioactivated to 5F-dUMP which covalently complexes folic acid. Inhibits thymidylate synthesis.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Toxicity of 5-FU?

A

Myelosuppression and photosensitivity.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Rescue for 5-FU?

A

Uridine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Cytarabine MOA?

A

Pyrimidine analog - inhibits DNA polymerase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Toxicity of cytarabine?

A

Leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, megaloblastic anemia.

CYTarabine causes panCYTopenia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Azathioprine
6-mercaptopurine (6-MP)
6-thioguanine

A

Purine (thiol) analogs - decrease de novo purine synthesis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Thiols toxicity?

A

Bone marrow, GI, liver

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Dactinomycin MOA?

A

Intercalates in DNA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Dactinomycin toxicity?

A

Myelosuppression

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Doxorubicin MOA?

A

Generates free radicals, which intercalate in DNA and break DNA, resulting in decreased DNA replication

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Doxorubicin toxicity?

A

Cardiotoxicity (dilated cardiomyopathy), myelosuppression, alopecia.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What to give to prevent doxorubicin cardiotoxicity?

A

Dexrazoxane - iron chelating agent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Bleomycin MOA?

A

Induces free radical formation, which cause breaks in DNA strands.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Bleomycin toxicity?

A

Pulmonary fibrosis, skin changes, mucositis.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Cyclophosphamide, ifosfamide

A

Alkylating agents that covalently X-link DNA and require liver bioactivation.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Cyclophosphamide toxicity?

A

Myelosuppression, hemorrhagic cystitis

20
Q

What to give to prevent hemorrhagic cystitis?

A

MESNA

21
Q

Carmustine, lomustine, semustine, streptozocin

A

Nitrosureas that do cross-linking of DNA (cross BBB)

22
Q

Nitrosureas toxicity?

A

CNS toxicity (convulsions, dizziness, ataxia)

23
Q

Busulfan MOA?

A

Cross-links DNA

24
Q

Busulfan toxicity?

A

Severe myelosuppression, pulmonary fibrosis, hyperpigmentation

25
Q

Vincristine, vinblastine

A

Inhibit MT polymerization (M-phase arrest)

26
Q

Vincristine toxicity?

A

Neurotoxicity (areflexia, peripheral neuritis), paralytic ileus

27
Q

Vinblastine toxicity?

A

BM suppression (Blastine blasts BM)

28
Q

Taxols

A

Hyperstabilizes MTs in M phase

29
Q

Taxols toxicity?

A

Myelosuppression, alopecia, hypersensitivity

30
Q

Cisplatin, carboplatin

A

Cross-link DNA

31
Q

Cisplatin, carboplatin toxicity?

A

Nephrotoxicity and acoustic nerve damage

32
Q

Etoposide, teniposide?

A

Topoisomerase II inhibitors - increase DNA degradation

33
Q

Etoposide, teniposide toxicities?

A

Myelosuppression, GI irritation, alopecia

34
Q

Irinotecan, topotecan?

A

Topoisomerase I inhibitors - prevent DNA unwinding and replication

35
Q

Irinotecan and topotecan toxicity?

A

Severe myelosuppression, diarrhea

36
Q

Hydroxyurea

A

Inhibits ribonuclease reductase (reduces DNA synthesis0

37
Q

Hydroxyurea toxicity?

A

BM suppression, GI upset

38
Q

Tamoxifen, raloxifene

A

SERMs - block inding of estrogen to ER + cells

39
Q

Tamoxifen toxicity?

A

Increased risk of endothelial cancer “hot flashes”

40
Q

Trastuzumab MOA?

A

Her2 antagonist; TK receptor antagonist

41
Q

Trastuzumab toxicity?

A

Cardiotoxicity

42
Q

Imatinib MOA?

A

TK inhibitor of bcr-abl and c-kit

43
Q

Imatinib toxicty?

A

Fluid retention

44
Q

Rituximab MOA?

A

Mab against CD20, so kills B cells

45
Q

Rituximab toxicity?

A

Increased risk of PML

46
Q

Bevacizumab MOA?

A

Mab against VEGF

47
Q

Bevacizumab toxicity?

A

Hemorrhage and impaired wound healing

EOB - Blood Cardio (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions