olfactory and gustatory pathway to the brain Flashcards
_____ is the sense of smell
Olfaction
True/False
Smell is a chemical sense Meaning, the change in the environment (the stimulus), is a chemical in its composition.
True
The nose contains about how many receptors located in the olfactory epithelium, in the superior aspect of the nasal cavity?
10 million to 100 million
Olfactory receptors are located in the nasal epithelium in the _____
in the superior portion of the nasal cavity.
The olfactory epithelium is found in the _______
inferior surface of the cribriform plate (of the ethmoid bone of the skull).
There are three types of cells in the olfactory epithelium:
olfactory receptor cells,
supporting cells,
basal cells.
In order to be smelled, substances (odorants) must be …….
dissolved
What serves as a solvent for the inhaled odorants?
Mucus secreted by olfactory gland
Adaptation to odors occurs ____, and the threshold of smell is _____.
quickly
low
_________ are neurons with olfactory cilia in the olfactory epithelium that detect chemicals called odorants
Olfactory receptors cells
What is the sense of taste?
Gustation
The five primary tastes are ….
salt, sweet, bitter, sour, umami.
All other tastes outside of the 5 primary are what?
combinations of these primary tastes as well as olfaction
The gustatory receptor cells are located mainly in taste buds on the _______
surface of the tongue.
To be tasted, substances (tastants) must be what?
dissolved in saliva
True/False
Adaptation to taste occurs slowly and the threshold for taste varies for each of the primary tastes.
False
Adaption happens quickly
What cranial nerve carries taste information from anterior 2/3 of the tongue?
facial CN VII
What CN carries taste information from the posterior 1/3 of the tongue?
glossopharyngeal CN IX
What CN carries taste information from taste buds on the epiglottis and in the throat?
vagus CN X
From the taste buds, impulses propagate along the cranial nerves to what part of the brain
Mid Brain
From the midbrain, the axons go to the final destination of ________
primary gustatory area
Some axons go to the limbic system and the hypothalamus for _________ related to food
emotions related to food
