olfactory and gustatory pathway to the brain

Question 1

_____ is the sense of smell

Answer 1

Olfaction

Question 2

True/False

Smell is a chemical sense Meaning, the change in the environment (the stimulus), is a chemical in its composition.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

The nose contains about how many receptors located in the olfactory epithelium, in the superior aspect of the nasal cavity?

Answer 3

10 million to 100 million

Question 4

Olfactory receptors are located in the nasal epithelium in the _____

Answer 4

in the superior portion of the nasal cavity.

Question 5

The olfactory epithelium is found in the _______

Answer 5

inferior surface of the cribriform plate (of the ethmoid bone of the skull).

Question 6

There are three types of cells in the olfactory epithelium:

Answer 6

olfactory receptor cells,
supporting cells,
basal cells.

Question 7

In order to be smelled, substances (odorants) must be …….

Answer 7

dissolved

Question 8

What serves as a solvent for the inhaled odorants?

Answer 8

Mucus secreted by olfactory gland

Question 9

Adaptation to odors occurs ____, and the threshold of smell is _____.

Answer 9

quickly

low

Question 10

_________ are neurons with olfactory cilia in the olfactory epithelium that detect chemicals called odorants

Answer 10

Olfactory receptors cells

Question 11

What is the sense of taste?

Answer 11

Gustation

Question 12

The five primary tastes are ….

Answer 12

salt, 
sweet, 
bitter, 
sour, 
umami.

Question 13

All other tastes outside of the 5 primary are what?

Answer 13

combinations of these primary tastes as well as olfaction

Question 14

The gustatory receptor cells are located mainly in taste buds on the _______

Answer 14

surface of the tongue.

Question 15

To be tasted, substances (tastants) must be what?

Answer 15

dissolved in saliva

Question 16

True/False

Adaptation to taste occurs slowly and the threshold for taste varies for each of the primary tastes.

Answer 16

False

Adaption happens quickly

Question 17

What cranial nerve carries taste information from anterior 2/3 of the tongue?

Answer 17

facial CN VII

Question 18

What CN carries taste information from the posterior 1/3 of the tongue?

Answer 18

glossopharyngeal CN IX

Question 19

What CN carries taste information from taste buds on the epiglottis and in the throat?

Answer 19

vagus CN X

Question 20

From the taste buds, impulses propagate along the cranial nerves to what part of the brain

Answer 20

Mid Brain

Question 21

From the midbrain, the axons go to the final destination of ________

Answer 21

primary gustatory area

Question 22

Some axons go to the limbic system and the hypothalamus for _________ related to food

Answer 22

emotions related to food