olfactory and gustatory pathway to the brain Flashcards

1
Q

_____ is the sense of smell

A

Olfaction

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2
Q

True/False

Smell is a chemical sense Meaning, the change in the environment (the stimulus), is a chemical in its composition.

A

True

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3
Q

The nose contains about how many receptors located in the olfactory epithelium, in the superior aspect of the nasal cavity?

A

10 million to 100 million

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4
Q

Olfactory receptors are located in the nasal epithelium in the _____

A

in the superior portion of the nasal cavity.

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5
Q

The olfactory epithelium is found in the _______

A

inferior surface of the cribriform plate (of the ethmoid bone of the skull).

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6
Q

There are three types of cells in the olfactory epithelium:

A

olfactory receptor cells,
supporting cells,
basal cells.

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7
Q

In order to be smelled, substances (odorants) must be …….

A

dissolved

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8
Q

What serves as a solvent for the inhaled odorants?

A

Mucus secreted by olfactory gland

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9
Q

Adaptation to odors occurs ____, and the threshold of smell is _____.

A

quickly

low

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10
Q

_________ are neurons with olfactory cilia in the olfactory epithelium that detect chemicals called odorants

A

Olfactory receptors cells

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11
Q

What is the sense of taste?

A

Gustation

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12
Q

The five primary tastes are ….

A
salt, 
sweet, 
bitter, 
sour, 
umami.
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13
Q

All other tastes outside of the 5 primary are what?

A

combinations of these primary tastes as well as olfaction

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14
Q

The gustatory receptor cells are located mainly in taste buds on the _______

A

surface of the tongue.

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15
Q

To be tasted, substances (tastants) must be what?

A

dissolved in saliva

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16
Q

True/False

Adaptation to taste occurs slowly and the threshold for taste varies for each of the primary tastes.

A

False

Adaption happens quickly

17
Q

What cranial nerve carries taste information from anterior 2/3 of the tongue?

A

facial CN VII

18
Q

What CN carries taste information from the posterior 1/3 of the tongue?

A

glossopharyngeal CN IX

19
Q

What CN carries taste information from taste buds on the epiglottis and in the throat?

A

vagus CN X

20
Q

From the taste buds, impulses propagate along the cranial nerves to what part of the brain

A

Mid Brain

21
Q

From the midbrain, the axons go to the final destination of ________

A

primary gustatory area

22
Q

Some axons go to the limbic system and the hypothalamus for _________ related to food

A

emotions related to food