Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

PSYCHOPATHOLOGY > OLDER ADULTS > Flashcards

OLDER ADULTS Flashcards

1
Q

dementia symptoms

A
  • impaired understanding/judegment
  • memory loss
  • personality changes
  • delusions
  • elation/euphoria
  • depression/anxiety
  • hallucinations
  • problems with thinking speed
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

diagnosing dementia

A
  • GP: discuss symptoms/blood tests/mental agility test

- brain scans: rule out other causes (CT/MMRI/PET/EEG)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

experimental diagnoses for dementia

A

wang et al. (2016)

amyloid imaging detects key feature of alzheimers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

risk factors for dementia

A
  • prior mental health (stewart, 2019)

- anxiety (acosta, 2018)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

rarer causes of dementia

A
  • HIV
  • Huntington’s
  • MS
  • Parkinson’s
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

prevention of dementia

A
  • reduce risk by having healthy diet, exercise, not drinking much alchohol, not smoking, healthy weight
  • vitamin/thyroid hormone deficiencies (treated with supplements)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Livingston et al. (2017) - prevention

A
  • individualise care (medical/social/supportive)

- be ambitious about prevention/intervention (e.g. maintain social engagement, obesity, depression and diabetes)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

dementia cures

A

gene therapy
dementia vaccine
stem cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

gene therapy

A

introduce new gene that infects host cell and removes faulty gene

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

dementia vaccine

A

vaccination of antigen to remove excess plaques which contribute to dementia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

treatment - surgery

A

dementia caused by brain tumours/excess fluid on brain/head injuries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

treatment - medication

A
  • antidepressants
  • drugs to block chemicals in brain
  • antipsychotics
symptomatic relief (Sadaghiani, 2014)
benefits often modest
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

treatment - cognitive stimulation therapy (CST)

A
  • mild/moderate dementia
  • weekly one hour sessions that stimulate cognition
  • group
  • cognitive stimulation based on psychological factors that can be manipulated (yates et al., 2015)
  • individual CST being run to determine effectiveness
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

treatment - validation therapy

A
  • emotional impact of memory loss
  • validating person’s experience as real
  • results about effectiveness are inconclusive (Neal + Barton-Wright, 2003)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

treatment - behavioural therapy

A
  • alleviate symptoms (e.g. depression)
  • effective in long-term (Livingston et al., 2005)
  • debate about whether people with dementia can change their behaviour)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

importance of family relationships (Fontaine, 2014)

A
  • important
  • previous/current relationship quality influence family experience of dementia
  • families benefit from psychosocial interventions
17
Q

care plans

A
  • should include end of life care

e. g. advance statement about future care, will, living will, lasting power of attorney to someone

18
Q

psychological impact on sufferer

A
  • live with awareness of how they’re changing
  • appreciation of family + friends
  • not necessarily a loss of identity
19
Q

social impact on sufferer

A
  • media often present dementia as catastrophic (Peel, 2014)
  • limited evidence for effectiveness of support services
  • ‘felt totally alone’
20
Q

psychological impact on family - burden

A
  • closer relationships = higher burden
  • no difference between spouses/adult children (chumbler, 2003)
  • female caregivers - more health problems/depressive symptoms (gender differences not consistently shown though)
  • more burden = less life satisfaction (McConaghy + Caltabiano, 2005)
  • practical coping methods are effective
21
Q

psychological impact on family - social isolation

A
  • social isolation reported
  • however caregivers also did not report feeling socially isolated (Robison et al., 2009)
  • isolation predicts burden
22
Q

psychological impact on family - stress

A

stress associated with behaviour/cognitive/functional impairment of person with dementia (Schultz + Sherman, 2005)

23
Q

psychological impact on family - coping

A
  • female caregivers - more emotional focused coping than men (almberg et al., 1997)
  • men - problem focused coping (almberg et al., 1997)
  • internet based interventions can be helpful
24
Q

effective interventions for family carers

A
  • START scheme
  • REACH

reduce risk of depression/treat symptoms
should be made available for everyone

PSYCHOPATHOLOGY (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions