Old Public health/ improvements

Question 1

Improvements in health status since 1900

Answer 1

• life expectancy has increased
• infant, under 5 and maternal mortality rates have decreased
• mortality rates for CVD peaked in the early 1960’s and have decreased since then
• mortality rates for injuries, respiratory diseases and infectious diseases have decreased

Question 2

Public health

Answer 2

refers to the ways in which governments monitor, regulate and promote health status and prevent illness

Question 3

Old public health

Answer 3

government actions that focused on altering the physical environment to help reduce the spread of infectious diseases… includes:
provision of safe water and sanitation, improved housing and work condtitions, sewage disposal and improved nutrition

Question 4

old public health INITIATIVES

Answer 4

MORE HYGIENIC BIRTHING PRACTICES: there were safe and more hygienic birthing conditions with trained and registered midwives and doctors

MASS IMMUNISATION PROGRAMS: with the scientific discovery of vaccines, the government funded mass vaccinations in 1939 for tuberculosis

Question 5

Waterborn diseases

Answer 5

diarrhoea, typhoid- contaminated food/ water

Question 6

infectious diseases

Answer 6

tuberculosis, measles

Question 7

biomedical approach to health

Answer 7

focused on the physical or biological aspects of disease and illness. it is a medical model of care and is associated with diagnosis, cure and treatment of disease

Question 8

biomedical approach to health CHARACTERISTICS

Answer 8

MEDICATIONS: such as antibiotics, chemotherapy and blood pressure medications

MEDICAL TECHNOLOGY: used to DIAGNOSE health conditions such as blood tests, x-rays and MRI

MEDICAL TECHNOLOGY: used to TREAT health conditions such as radiation therapy, nebulisers and defibrillators

Question 9

Biomedical ADVANTAGES

Answer 9

EXTENDS LIFE EXPECTANCY- infectious diseases can now be treated and cured, increasing life expectancy

IMPROVES QUALITY OF LIFE + HALE:
many chronic conditions can be managed with medication, therapy or surgery, reducing pain and suffering

Question 10

biomedical DISADVANTAGES:

Answer 10

NOT ALWAYS AFFORDABLE: not all individuals can afford the medical technologies and resources that are apart of the biomedical approach to healthcare. contributes to the differences experienced in HS between population groups

NOT EVERY CONDITION CAN BE TREATED: individuals may experience conditions that cannot be cured or treated effectively. thses conditions may be preventable through behaviour change, but this is not a focus of the biomedical approach, for example cancer, which has no cure