OINAS Flashcards
1
Q
MA: Pectineus
A
Adduct and slightly flex hip joint;
assists with lateral rotation
2
Q
PA: Pectineus
A
Superior ramus of pubis
3
Q
DA: Pectineus
A
Pectineal line of femur
4
Q
N: Pectineus
A
Femoral nerve (L2, L3)
May receive a branch from obturator n.
5
Q
MA: sartorius
A
Flexes, abducts, and laterally rotates hip joint;
Flex knee (medially rotate leg when knee flexed)
6
Q
PA: Sartorius
A
ASIS
7
Q
DA: Sartorius
A
pes anserine of tibia
8
Q
N: Sartorius
A
Femoral n. (L2, L3)
9
Q
MA: Gluteus Maximus
A
Extends hip (especially from flexed position)
Assists in lateral rotation
Fixes hip joint
Assists in rising from sitting position
10
Q
PA: Gluteus Maximus
A
posterior gluteal line of ilium
Dorsal sacrum and coccyx
Sacrotuberous ligament
11
Q
DA: Gluteus Maximus
A
Most fibers end in iliotibial tract, which inserts into anterolateral tibial tubercle
Some fibers insert on gluteal tuberosity
IT band will also be accepted
12
Q
N: Gluteus Maximus
A
Inferior gluteal nerve (L5, S1, S2)
13
Q
MA: Gluteus Medius
A
Abduct and medially rotate hip joint
Posterior fibers externally rotate (clam)
Keeps pelvis level when ipsilateral limb is weight bearing and advance opposite (unsupported) side during its swing phase.
14
Q
PA: Gluteus Medius
A
ilium between anterior and posterior gluteal lines
15
Q
DA: Gluteus Medius
A
greater trochanter
16
Q
N: Gluteus Medius
A
Superior gluteal nerve (L5, S1, S2)
17
Q
MA: Gluteus Minimus
A
Abduct and medially rotate hip joint
keep pelvis level when ipsilateral limb is weight bearing and advance opposite (unsupported) side during its swing phase
18
Q
PA: Gluteus Minimus
A
ilium between anterior and inferior gluteal lines
19
Q
DA: Gluteus Minimus
A
greater trochanter
20
Q
N: Gluteus Minimus
A
Superior gluteal n. (L4, L5, S1)
21
Q
MA: Tensor Fasciae Latae
A
Medially rotate hip joint!
Abduct hip joint
Keep pelvis level when ipsilateral limb is weight bearing and advance opposite (unsupported) side during its swing phase.
22
Q
PA: Tensor Fasciae Latae
A
ASIS
Anterior iliac crest
23
Q
DA: Tensor Fasciae Latae
A
Iliotibial tract, which attaches to anterolateral tibial triangle
IT band also accepted
24
Q
N: Tensor Fasciae Latae
A
Superior gluteal n. (L4, L5, S1)
25
MA: Piriformis
Laterally rotate extended hip joint
abduct hip joint when flexed
stabilize hip joint
26
PA: Piriformis
Anterior sacrum
ST ligament
27
DA: Piriformis
greater trochanter
28
N: Piriformis
Anterior rami of S1 and S2
29
MA: Obturator Internus
Laterally rotate extended hip joint
abduct hip joint when flexed
stabilize hip joint
30
PA: Obturator Internus
Pelvic surface of obturator membrane surrounding bones
31
DA: Obturator Internus
greater trochanter
32
N: Obturator Internus
Nerve to obturator internus (L5, S1)
33
MA: Superior and Inferior Gemelli
Laterally rotate extended hip joint
abduct hip joint when flexed
stabilize hip joint
34
PA: Superior and Inferior Gemelli
Superior: ischial spine
Inferior: ischial tuberosity
35
DA: Superior and Inferior Gemelli
greater trochanter
36
N: Superior and Inferior Gemelli
Superior gemellus: nerve to obturator Internus (L5, S1)
Inferior gemellus: nerve to quadratus femoris (L5, S1)
37
MA: Quadratus Femoris
Laterally rotates hip joint
Stabilizes hip joint
38
PA: Quadratus Femoris
ischial tuberosity
39
DA: Quadratus Femoris
Quadrate tubercle (distal to greater trochanter)
40
N: Quadratus Femoris
Nerve to quadratus femoris (L5, S1)
41
Ma: Adductor longus
Adducts hip
42
PA: Adductor Longus
Body of pubis
43
DA: Adductor Longus
linea aspera of femur
44
N: Adductor Longus
Obturator nerve (L2, L3, L4)
45
MA: Adductor Brevis
Adducts hip joint
To some extent flexes it
46
PA: Adductor brevis
Body and inferior ramus of pubis
47
DA: Adductor brevis
Pectineal line
linea aspera of femur
48
N: Adductor Brevis
Obturator nerve (L2, L3, L4)
49
MA: Adductor Magnus
Adducts hip joint
Adductor part: flexes hip joint
Hamstring part: extends hip joint
50
PA: Adductor Magnus
Adductor: inferior pubic ramus and ramus of ischium
Hamstring: ischial tuberosity
51
DA: Adductor Magnus
Adductor part: gluteal tuberosity, linea aspera, and medial supracondylar line
Hamstring part: adductor tubercle of femur
52
N: Adductor Magnus
Adductor: obturator nerve (L2, L3, L4)
Hamstring part: tibial nerve (L4)
53
MA: Gracilis
Adducts hip joint
Flexes knee joint
Medially rotates flexed knee
54
PA: Gracilis
Body and inferior ramus of pubis
55
DA: Gracilis
pes anserinus of tibia
56
N: Gracilis
Obturator nerve (L2, L3)
57
MA: Obturator Externus
Laterally rotates hip joint
stabilizes hip joint
58
PA: Obturator Externus
Margins of obturator foramen and obturator membrane
59
DA: Obturator Externus
Greater trochanter
60
N: Obturator Externus
Obturator nerve (L3, L4)
61
MA: Rectus Femoris
Extends knee joint
steadies hip joint
helps iliopsoas flex hip joint.
62
PA: Rectus Femoris
AIIS
Ilium
63
DA: Rectus Femoris
quadriceps tendon to tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament
64
N: Rectus Femoris
Femoral n. (L2-L4)
65
MA: Vastus Lateralis
Extends knee
66
PA: Vastus Lateralis
Greater trochanter
lateral lip of linea aspera
67
DA: Vastus Lateralis
quadriceps tendon to tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament
medial and lateral also attach to tibia and patella via aponeuroses (medial and lateral patellar retinacula).
68
N: Vastus Lateralis
Femoral n. (L2-L4)
69
MA: Vastus Medialis
Extends knee
70
PA: Vastus medialis
Intertrochanteric line
medial lip of linea aspera of femur
71
DA: Vastus medialis
quadriceps tendon to tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament
medial and lateral also attach to tibia and patella via aponeuroses (medial and lateral patellar retinacula).
72
N: Vastus medialis
Femoral n. (L2-L4)
73
MA: Vastus intermedius
Extends knee
74
PA: Vastus intermedius
Anterior and lateral femoral shaft
75
DA: Vastus intermedius
quadriceps tendon to tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament
76
N: Vastus intermedius
Femoral n. (L2-4)
77
MA: Semitendinosus
Extend hip joint
Flex knee joint and medially rotate it when flexed.
When hip and knee joints are flexed (as when sitting), these muscles can extend trunk at hip joint (to rise).
78
PA: Semitendinous
Ischial Tuberosity
79
DA: Semitendinosus
pes anserinus of tibia
80
N: Semitendinosus
Tibial nerve (L5, S1, S2)
81
MA: Semimembranosus
Extend hip joint
Flex knee joint and medially rotate it when flexed.
When hip and knee joints are flexed (as when sitting), these muscles can extend trunk at hip joint (to rise).
82
PA: Semimembranosus
Ischial Tuberosity
83
DA: Semimembranosus
Posterior part of medial condyle of tibia
Reflected attachment forms oblique popliteal ligament (to lateral femoral condyle)
84
N: Semimembranosus
Tibial n (L5, S1, S2)
85
MA: Biceps Femoris
Flexes knee joint and laterally rotates it when flexed;
Long head extends hip
86
PA: Biceps Femoris
Long head: ischial tuberosity
Short head: linea aspera and lateral supracondylar line of femur
87
DA: Biceps Femoris
Lateral side of head of fibula
88
N: Biceps Femoris
Long head: tibial nerve (L5, S1, S2)
Short head: common fibular division of sciatic nerve (L5, S1, S2)
89
MA: popliteus
Unlocks knee by rotating femur 5 degrees on fixed tibia
Medially rotate tibia if unplanted limb
90
PA: popliteus
Lateral condyle of femur
lateral meniscus
91
DA: popliteus
Posterior tibia above soleal line
92
N: popliteus
Tibial n. (L4, L5, S1)
93
MA: Gastrocnemius
Plantar flexes ankle when knee is extended
Raises heel during walking
Knee flexion
94
PA: Gastrocnemius
Medial head: popliteal surface of femur
Lateral head: lateral femoral condyle
95
DA: Gastrocnemius
Calcaneus via calcaneal tendon
96
N: Gastrocnemius
Tibial n. (S1, S2)
97
MA: Soleus
Plantarflex ankle (independent of knee position)
Stabilize ankle joint
98
PA: Soleus
Posterior fibular
Soleal line and medial tibia
Tendinous arch extending between bony attachments
99
DA: Soleus
Calcaneus via calcaneal tendon
100
N: Soleus
Tibial n. (S1, S2)
101
MA: Plantaris
Weakly assists gastrocnemius in plantar flex
102
PA: Plantaris
lateral supracondylar line of femur
oblique popliteal ligament
103
DA: Plantaris
Calcaneus via calcaneal tendon
104
N: Plantaris
Tibial n. (S1,S2)
105
MA: Flexor Hallucis Longus
Flex great toe at all joints
Weakly plantarflex ankle joint
Support medial longitudinal arch of foot
106
PA: Flexor Hallucis Longus
Lower posterior surface of fibula
interosseous membrane
107
DA: Flexor Hallucis Longus
Base of distal phalanx of great toe
108
N: Flexor Hallucis Longus
Tibial n. (S2, S3)
109
MA: Flexor Digitorum Longus
Flex lateral 4 digits
Plantarflex ankle
Support longitudinal arches of foot
110
PA: Flexor Digitorum Longus
Posterior tibia inferior to soleal line
By a broad tendon to fibula
111
DA: Flexor Digitorum Longus
Bases of distal phalanges of lateral 4 digits
112
N: Flexor Digitorum Longus
Tibial n. (S2, S3)
113
MA: Tibialis Posterior
Plantarflex ankle
Invert foot
Maintain medial longitudinal arch
114
PA: Tibialis Posterior
Interosseous membrane
Posterior tibia inferior to soleal line
Posterior surface of fibula
note: attaches to ALL 3 structures of the lower leg
115
DA: Tibialis Posterior
Tuberosity of navicular
cuneiforms
cuboid
sustentaculum tali of calcaneus
Bases of 2,3,4 metatarsals
116
N: Tibialis Posterior
Tibial n. (L4, L5)
117
MA: Fibularis Brevis
Everts subtalar joint
Weakly plantarflex ankle
118
PA: Fibularis Brevis
Inferior lateral fibula
119
DA: Fibularis Brevis
Lateral side of base of 5th metatarsal
120
N: Fibularis Brevis
Superficial fibular n. (L5, S1, S2)
121
MA: Fibularis Longus
Everts subtalar joint
Weakly plantar flex ankle
122
PA: Fibularis Longus
Head and superior lateral fibula
123
DA: Fibularis Longus
Base of 1st metatarsal
Medial cuneiform
124
N: Fibularis Longus
Superficial fibular n. (L5, S1, S2)
125
MA: Tibialis Anterior
Dorsiflex ankle
Invert subtalar joint
126
PA: Tibialis Anterior
Lateral condyle
superior 1/2 of tibia
interosseous membrane
127
DA: Tibialis Anterior
Medial cuneiform and base of 1st metatarsal
128
N: Tibialis Anterior
Deep Fibular n. (L4, L5)
129
MA: Extensor Hallucis Longus
Extends great toe
Dorsiflex ankle
130
PA: Extensor Hallucis Longus
Middle anterior fibula
Interosseous membrane
131
DA: Extensor Hallucis Longus
Base of distal phalanx of great toe
132
N: Extensor Hallucis Longus
Deep fibular nerve (L5, S1)
133
MA: Extensor Digitorum Longus
Extends lateral 4 digits
Dorsiflexes ankle joint
134
PA: Extensor Digitorum Longus
Lateral condyle of tibia
Superior surface of fibula
Interosseous membrane
note: attached to ALL 3 structures of the lower leg
135
DA: Extensor Digitorum Longus
Middle and distal phalanges of lateral four digits
136
N: Extensor Digitorum Longus
Deep fibular n. (L5, S1)
137
MA: Fibularis Tertius
DF ankle
Aids in eversion of STJ joint
138
PA: Fibularis Tertius
Inferior anterior surface of fibula
Interosseous membrane
139
DA: Fibularis Tertius
Dorsum of base of 5th metatarsal
140
N: Tibularis Tertius
Deep Fibular n. (L5, S1)
141
MA: Flexor Digitorum Brevis
Flex lateral 4 digits at MTP and IP joints
142
PA: Flexor Digitorum Brevis
Medial tubercle of tuberosity of calcaneus
Plantar aponeurosis
Intermuscular septa
143
DA: Flexor Digitorum Brevis
Both sides of middle phalanges of lateral 4 digits
144
N: Flexor Digitorum Brevis
Medial plantar n. (L5, S1)
145
MA: Quadratus Plante
Assists FDL in flexing lateral 4 digits at MTP and IP joints
146
PA: Quadratus Plante
Medial calcaneus
147
DA: Quadratus Plante
FDL tendon
148
N: Quadratus Plante
Lateral plantar n. (S1-S3)
149
MA: Lumbrical Muscles (Foot)
Of the lateral 4 digits…
Flex MTP joint
Extend PIP and DIP joints
150
PA: Lumbrical Muscles (Foot)
Tendons of FDL
151
DA: Lumbrical Muscles (Foot)
Medial aspect of extensor expansions over lateral 4 digits
152
N: Lumbrical Muscles (Foot)
Medial one: medial plantar nerve (L5–S1)
Lateral three: lateral plantar nerve (S1–S3)
153
MA: Adductor Hallucis
Adduct 1st digit
Assists maintaining transverse arch by pulling metatarsals medially
154
PA: Adductor Hallucis
Oblique head: bases of metatarsals 2–4
Transverse head: plantar ligaments of MTP joints
155
DA: Adductor Hallucis
lateral side of base of proximal phalanx of 1st digit.
156
N: Adductor Hallucis
lateral plantar nerve (S1–S3)
157
MA: Flexor Hallucis Brevis
Flex MTP joint of 1st digit
158
PA: Flexor Hallucis Brevis
Plantar surface of cuboid and lateral cuneiforms
159
DA: Flexor Hallucis Brevis
Both sides of base of proximal phalanx of 1st digit
Note: 2 sesamoid bones of the great toe are contained within its tendons
160
N: Flexor Hallucis Brevis
Medial plantar n. (L5, S1)
161
MA: Plantar Interossei (1-3)
Adduct digits 3-5 at MTP
162
PA: Plantar Interossei (1-3)
Plantar medial sides of shafts of metatarsals 3-5
163
DA: Plantar Interossei (1-3)
Medial phalanges of 3-5 digit
164
N: Plantar Interossei (1-3)
Lateral plantar n. (S1-S3)
165
MA: Dorsal Interossei
Abduct digits 2-4 at MTP
166
PA: Dorsal Interossei
Adjacent sides of shafts of metatarsals 1-5
167
DA: Dorsal Interossei
1st: medial side of proximal phalanx of 2nd digit
2nd–4th: lateral sides of 2nd–4th digits
168
N: Dorsal Interossei
Lateral plantar n. (S1-S3)
169
MA: Psoas Major
With origin fixed:
- hip flexion
- hip lateral rotation
With insertion fixed:
- trunk flexion towards thigh
- pelvic anterior tilt
Stabilize hip joint when standing
170
PA: Psoas Major
Sides of T12-L5 vertebrae and discs between them
TP of L1-L5
171
DA: Psoas major
Lesser trochanter
172
N: Psoas Major
Anterior rami of L1, L2, L3
173
MA: Iliacus
With origin fixed:
- hip flexion
- hip lateral rotation
With insertion fixed:
- trunk flexion towards thigh
- pelvic anterior tilt
174
PA: Iliacus
Iliac fossa
Sacrum
Anterior Sacroiliac ligaments
175
DA: Iliacus
Lesser trochanter
Psoas tendon
176
N: Iliacus
Femoral nerve (L2-L4)
