Ligaments

Question 1

Sacrotuberous (ST)

Answer 1

• from sciatic notch of ilium/sacrum to ischial tuberosity
• forms greater sciatic foramen
• connects pelvis to vertebral column
• stabilizes posterior pelvis by limiting movement of sacrum/pelvis
• prevents sacrum from tipping forward when pressure is applied to the spine

Question 2

Sacrospinous (SS)

Answer 2

• from sacrum to ischial spine
• forms lesser sciatic foramen
• stabilizes SI joint
• prevents ilium from rotating or flexing past sacrum

Question 3

Posterior Sacroiliac Ligament

Answer 3

• connects sacrum to hip bones
• provides stability to SI joint
• hods sacrum in place between ilia and resists counternutation (posterior-superior movement of sacrum while coccyx moves anterior to ilium)

Question 4

Anterior Sacroiliac (SI) Ligament

Answer 4

• connects ilium to sacrum
• key part of SI joint
• little effect on pelvic stability or SIJ mobility BUT common source of pain because thinnest SI ligament

Question 5

Lumbosacral Ligament

Answer 5

• TP of L5 to aloof sacrum
• stabilize lumboscaral joint and resist as flexion, extension, and lateral flexion

Question 6

Iliolumbar Ligament

Answer 6

• connect L4 & L5 to iliac crest at the back of the pelvis
• support lower back and control movement
• allowed for evolution of upright posture and bipedal movement

Question 7

Ligament of head of femur

Answer 7

Goes into fovea of femur and has the obturator artery in it
Posterior Intracapsular ligament that connects head of femur to acetabulum to provide hip stability and carry blood vessels to head of femur

Question 8

Ischiofemoral ligament

Answer 8

Posterior intracapsular ligament that limits hip internal rotation and adduction when it’s flexed

Goes from back of hip joint (acetabular rim and labrum) to around the joint to insert into femur

Question 9

Pubofemoral ligament

Answer 9

intracapsular ligament that limits hip abduction and extension and stabilizes hip

Connects pubic bone to femur

Question 10

Patellar ligament

Answer 10

Extracapsular
Distal part of quadriceps Femoris tendon
Extends to apex of patella to tibial tuberosity

Question 11

Fibulae Collateral Ligament (LCL)

Answer 11

Extracapsular
Extends from lateral epicondyle of femur to lateral surface of fibular head

Question 12

Oblique popliteal ligament

Answer 12

Extracapsular
An expansion of the Semimembranosus tendon
Arises posterior to the medial tibial condyle and passes superolaterally toward the lateral femoral condyle

Question 13

Tibial Collateral Ligament (MCL)

Answer 13

Extracapsular
Extends from the medial epicondyle of the femur to the medial condyle and the superior part of the medial surface of the tibia

The deep fibers of the TCL are firmly attached to the medial meniscus

Question 14

Arcuate popliteal ligament

Answer 14

Extracapsular
Strengthens the joint capsule posterolaterally

Arises from the posterior aspect of the fibular head, passes superomedially over the tendon of the popliteus, and spreads over the posterior surface of the knee joint.

Contributes to posterolateral stability of the knee.

Question 15

Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL)

Answer 15

Intraarticular
Attaches to the posterior part of the medial side of the lateral condyle of the femur extending to the anterior intercondylar area of the tibia.

passes on the lateral side of the PCL.

Prevents anterior displacement of the tibia on the femur
and hyperextension of the knee joint.

Question 16

Posterior Cruciate Ligament (PCL)

Answer 16

Intraarticular

Attaches to the posterior part of the lateral side of the medial condyle of the femur extending to the posterior intercondylar area of the tibia.

Prevents anterior displacement of the femur on the tibia or posterior displacement of the tibia on the femur and helps prevent hyperflexion of the knee joint.

Question 17

Medial “Deltoid” Ligament

Answer 17

• Has 4 parts but don’t worry about knowing specific parts
• stabilize inner ankle
• hurt by forced eversion (rare injury though because lot of other things hurt before)

Question 18

Anterior Tibiofibular Ligament

Answer 18

• holds the tibia and fibula together to prevent fibula from moving far away from tibia and from talus rotating too far externally
• originates at lateral malleolus and attaches to tibia

Question 19

Syndesmosis Ligament

Answer 19

• connects tibia and fibula at the ankle and stabilizes them
• involved in high ankle spains

Question 20

Anterior Talofibular Ligament (ATFL)

Answer 20

• connects fibula to talus
• lateral portion of ankle
• prevents the foot from sliding forward relative to shin
• inversion (rolled ankle) injuries

Question 21

Calcaneofibular ligament

Answer 21

• provides stability against ankle inversion
• connects subtalar and talocrural joints

Question 22

Posterior Talofibular ligament (PTFL)

Answer 22

• runs horizontally from fibula to talus
• prevents taus from moving backward
• stabilize ankle during Dorsiflexion

Question 23

Plantar Calcaneonavicular ligament (spring)

Answer 23

• supports the arch of the foot
• connects calcaneus to navicular bone
• key stabilizer of the foot of medial longitudinal arch of the foot

Question 24

Plantar calcaneocuboid ligament (short plantar)

Answer 24

• bottom of the foot b/w calcaneus and cuboid
• cone-shaped with deeper and superficial part
• gives arch structure and helps support body weight
• stabilize calcaneocuboid joint

Question 25

Long plantar ligament

Answer 25

• foot’s strongest and longest ligament
• runs from heel bone to base of metatarsals, helping to form the foot’s longitudinal arch
• stabilize calcaneocuboid joint and midtarsal joint