Offer

Question 1

Invitation to treat

Answer 1

Gibson v Manchester City Council - “may be prepared to”
Partridge v Crittenden - advertisements are an invitation to treat
Fisher v Bell - goods on a shelf are an invitation to treat
Pharmaceutical Society of GB v Boots Cash Chemists - when goods are approved at till the offer exists
British Car Auctions v Wright - auction is invitation to treat

Question 2

Unilateral contracts

Answer 2

Offeror makes a promise in exchange for an act. Contract exists when act is completed. Carhill v Carbolic Smoke Ball Co.

Question 3

Is a request for invitation an offer?

Answer 3

Harvey v Facey - a request for information is not an offer

Question 4

Who can make an offer?

Answer 4

Thornton v Shoe Lane Parking - can be a machine, an employee of a business, an agent, or a notice

Question 5

Offeree needs to know of the existence of the offer

Answer 5

Taylor v Laird

Question 6

Timing is critical

Answer 6

Stevenson v McLean - contract begins after acceptance

Question 7

Revocation

Answer 7

• can be done by setting a time limit
• or by the expiry of reasonable time
• by publishing the revocation of the offer in the same way as the original offer was made
  Revoked as soon as it is communicated to the offeree (Routledge v Grant)
  A reliable source can be an effective means of revocation (Dickinson v Dodds)

Question 8

Rejection

Answer 8

Offer can end by a simply “no”, or counter offer (Hyde v Wrench)

Question 9

Lapse of time

Answer 9

Varies depending on nature of offer (Ramsgate Victoria Hotel v Montefiore)

Question 10

Death

Answer 10

Offer can end if offeree dies - estate cannot accept on their behalf, but a new offer can be made.
When an offeror dies acceptance can still take place, however not the case for personal services.